1 00:00:04,940 --> 00:00:03,679 good morning and welcome to NASA's Jet 2 00:00:07,579 --> 00:00:04,950 Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena 3 00:00:09,350 --> 00:00:07,589 California I'm Veronica McGregor we're 4 00:00:11,419 --> 00:00:09,360 going to get straight today's Mars 5 00:00:14,629 --> 00:00:11,429 report I'll introduce to you the 6 00:00:16,880 --> 00:00:14,639 speakers for today's news conference we 7 00:00:19,130 --> 00:00:16,890 have today Jennifer Trosper she's the 8 00:00:22,990 --> 00:00:19,140 Mars Science Laboratory mission manager 9 00:00:26,509 --> 00:00:23,000 she's with the Jet Propulsion Laboratory 10 00:00:28,250 --> 00:00:26,519 Justin Maki he's an imaging scientist on 11 00:00:33,590 --> 00:00:28,260 the Mars Science Laboratory mission also 12 00:00:35,780 --> 00:00:33,600 with JPL John grotzinger the project 13 00:00:39,369 --> 00:00:35,790 scientist for the mission and he's from 14 00:00:45,020 --> 00:00:41,840 Michael Mahlon principal investigator 15 00:00:46,940 --> 00:00:45,030 for the Mars descent imager on MSL he's 16 00:00:51,500 --> 00:00:46,950 with male and space science systems in 17 00:00:53,869 --> 00:00:51,510 San Diego and Don Hassler he's the rad 18 00:00:55,639 --> 00:00:53,879 principal investigator with Southwest 19 00:00:59,720 --> 00:00:55,649 Research Institute in Boulder Colorado 20 00:01:00,950 --> 00:00:59,730 and we will begin with Jennifer good 21 00:01:03,920 --> 00:01:00,960 morning well we have some great news 22 00:01:07,070 --> 00:01:03,930 Saul too has executed on the rover and 23 00:01:08,960 --> 00:01:07,080 it executed flawlessly so we 24 00:01:11,149 --> 00:01:08,970 accomplished the main things of getting 25 00:01:15,560 --> 00:01:11,159 our high gain antenna session to work 26 00:01:17,810 --> 00:01:15,570 and we have now confirmed that all of 27 00:01:20,179 --> 00:01:17,820 our antennas and all of our links on the 28 00:01:21,950 --> 00:01:20,189 rover's work perfectly and I I just want 29 00:01:24,260 --> 00:01:21,960 to congratulate Peter I lot and his team 30 00:01:26,690 --> 00:01:24,270 because there's been an enormous amount 31 00:01:28,550 --> 00:01:26,700 of effort to make sure that worked over 32 00:01:30,859 --> 00:01:28,560 the last seven years and and they are 33 00:01:33,050 --> 00:01:30,869 sending us lots and lots of data we got 34 00:01:35,719 --> 00:01:33,060 a hundred mega bits on the MRO am pass 35 00:01:38,660 --> 00:01:35,729 yesterday so fantastic work by the 36 00:01:40,760 --> 00:01:38,670 telecom team and also fantastic work by 37 00:01:42,260 --> 00:01:40,770 Odyssey and mro orbiters and the DSN 38 00:01:44,420 --> 00:01:42,270 who's been supporting us getting all 39 00:01:47,179 --> 00:01:44,430 that data back so we feel very confident 40 00:01:49,130 --> 00:01:47,189 that we have lots of data capacity now 41 00:01:50,749 --> 00:01:49,140 with all of these links and that was one 42 00:01:53,060 --> 00:01:50,759 of the major objectives of this first 43 00:01:55,700 --> 00:01:53,070 part of the mission so that's fantastic 44 00:01:58,190 --> 00:01:55,710 we also you'll note that the rover model 45 00:02:00,230 --> 00:01:58,200 now has the RSM deployed and that's 46 00:02:03,350 --> 00:02:00,240 consistent with what the actual rover on 47 00:02:05,840 --> 00:02:03,360 Mars looks like and it's pointing here 48 00:02:08,180 --> 00:02:05,850 away from the Sun and in a minute I'll 49 00:02:10,580 --> 00:02:08,190 talk a little bit about the anti Sun 50 00:02:12,600 --> 00:02:10,590 image that we took and then I also 51 00:02:14,370 --> 00:02:12,610 wanted to talk about 52 00:02:17,070 --> 00:02:14,380 the fact that we've cleared the REMS 53 00:02:19,920 --> 00:02:17,080 anomaly so we had some issues with Rams 54 00:02:22,230 --> 00:02:19,930 we understand the problem it actually 55 00:02:23,930 --> 00:02:22,240 was related to the management of rams 56 00:02:27,060 --> 00:02:23,940 parameters in their non-volatile memory 57 00:02:28,620 --> 00:02:27,070 the engineer Anthony Scuderi has been 58 00:02:30,300 --> 00:02:28,630 working with them they understand the 59 00:02:32,580 --> 00:02:30,310 problem and we're on the path to 60 00:02:33,900 --> 00:02:32,590 collecting and we actually got dated 61 00:02:36,030 --> 00:02:33,910 down that shows the instrument is 62 00:02:38,130 --> 00:02:36,040 completely healthy so I'm going to just 63 00:02:39,330 --> 00:02:38,140 ask you to explain rims the acronym and 64 00:02:41,790 --> 00:02:39,340 for those who don't know what the rims 65 00:02:43,410 --> 00:02:41,800 instrument is okay the rims instrument 66 00:02:45,180 --> 00:02:43,420 is the weather instrument that we have 67 00:02:47,370 --> 00:02:45,190 on the rover so that's the instrument 68 00:02:49,680 --> 00:02:47,380 that we had an anomaly with yesterday 69 00:02:51,479 --> 00:02:49,690 and so that's instrument is now healthy 70 00:02:52,590 --> 00:02:51,489 we got the data down to show that it's 71 00:02:55,560 --> 00:02:52,600 completely healthy and we'll be 72 00:02:58,890 --> 00:02:55,570 operating that not on Sol 3 tomorrow but 73 00:03:00,720 --> 00:02:58,900 on Southfork so all good news as far as 74 00:03:03,270 --> 00:03:00,730 the other systems on the rover the power 75 00:03:05,310 --> 00:03:03,280 system very healthy the art the 76 00:03:08,910 --> 00:03:05,320 radioisotope thermoelectric generator 77 00:03:11,670 --> 00:03:08,920 RTG that's generating power for us is a 78 00:03:13,500 --> 00:03:11,680 higher power about 115 watts and we've 79 00:03:16,080 --> 00:03:13,510 been using a conservative 105 wat 80 00:03:18,120 --> 00:03:16,090 predict so we have more power than we 81 00:03:20,100 --> 00:03:18,130 expected and that's gonna that's going 82 00:03:23,940 --> 00:03:20,110 to be fantastic for being able to keep 83 00:03:26,789 --> 00:03:23,950 the rover awake longer we also we also 84 00:03:28,800 --> 00:03:26,799 have some thermal data indicating that 85 00:03:30,930 --> 00:03:28,810 it's a little bit warmer than what our 86 00:03:33,810 --> 00:03:30,940 predicts a and we're still looking at 87 00:03:35,490 --> 00:03:33,820 why that is in general it could be that 88 00:03:37,620 --> 00:03:35,500 the environmental models are a little 89 00:03:39,479 --> 00:03:37,630 bit different for Gail it could be that 90 00:03:40,890 --> 00:03:39,489 our actual models of the rover are a 91 00:03:42,870 --> 00:03:40,900 little bit different so we're 92 00:03:45,630 --> 00:03:42,880 investigating that there's actually not 93 00:03:47,430 --> 00:03:45,640 a significant issue with that except for 94 00:03:49,229 --> 00:03:47,440 potentially we would have different 95 00:03:51,840 --> 00:03:49,239 constraints on time of day when we would 96 00:03:54,090 --> 00:03:51,850 operate the instruments an actual huge 97 00:03:55,860 --> 00:03:54,100 advantage of that is that in warming up 98 00:03:58,740 --> 00:03:55,870 actuators to do things like drive and 99 00:04:00,570 --> 00:03:58,750 move the arm will have less energy that 100 00:04:03,030 --> 00:04:00,580 we have to use to do that so we're 101 00:04:06,780 --> 00:04:03,040 looking at the thermal situation as far 102 00:04:08,880 --> 00:04:06,790 as our plans for the next saw so we're 103 00:04:11,460 --> 00:04:08,890 planning sol3 right now there's a lot of 104 00:04:13,380 --> 00:04:11,470 folks over there getting the plans and 105 00:04:16,469 --> 00:04:13,390 sequences together for the next saw and 106 00:04:18,630 --> 00:04:16,479 very exciting now that the the mast is 107 00:04:21,090 --> 00:04:18,640 deployed we're going to do the math cam 108 00:04:23,460 --> 00:04:21,100 360 full-color panorama 109 00:04:25,350 --> 00:04:23,470 and I see the folks who've been working 110 00:04:27,060 --> 00:04:25,360 on that for several months smiling back 111 00:04:28,740 --> 00:04:27,070 there and excited that it's going to run 112 00:04:30,780 --> 00:04:28,750 on Saul three just like we planned so 113 00:04:32,520 --> 00:04:30,790 they're going to be some amazing images 114 00:04:35,130 --> 00:04:32,530 from that the other thing that we're 115 00:04:36,780 --> 00:04:35,140 doing on Sol 3 is we're getting ready 116 00:04:38,400 --> 00:04:36,790 for the flight software transition so 117 00:04:40,590 --> 00:04:38,410 there been a couple folks who've been 118 00:04:43,170 --> 00:04:40,600 working for over a year on how we 119 00:04:45,480 --> 00:04:43,180 transition from the r9 flight software 120 00:04:47,580 --> 00:04:45,490 to the r10 flight software they've 121 00:04:49,980 --> 00:04:47,590 generated hundreds of files with 122 00:04:52,260 --> 00:04:49,990 thousands of commands that we have to we 123 00:04:53,580 --> 00:04:52,270 have to execute over the four Sol's of 124 00:04:55,860 --> 00:04:53,590 flight software transition and we're 125 00:04:58,770 --> 00:04:55,870 going to uplink those on the high-gain 126 00:05:00,180 --> 00:04:58,780 antenna the morning of soft 3 so that 127 00:05:01,980 --> 00:05:00,190 they're all on board and ready to go for 128 00:05:04,350 --> 00:05:01,990 this all five to nine flight software 129 00:05:05,940 --> 00:05:04,360 transition so it's very exciting we 130 00:05:07,620 --> 00:05:05,950 wanted to get this thing started on saw 131 00:05:10,650 --> 00:05:07,630 five to make sure we got to the new 132 00:05:11,910 --> 00:05:10,660 software one of the other just issues 133 00:05:13,470 --> 00:05:11,920 not a significant issue that we're 134 00:05:16,410 --> 00:05:13,480 looking at but you can see where the 135 00:05:18,990 --> 00:05:16,420 high-gain antenna is here and as Earth 136 00:05:21,060 --> 00:05:19,000 sets there's a little bit of an 137 00:05:22,680 --> 00:05:21,070 occlusion between the high-gain pointing 138 00:05:25,470 --> 00:05:22,690 through the low gain antenna at Earth 139 00:05:27,300 --> 00:05:25,480 and so we don't actually have Horizon to 140 00:05:29,160 --> 00:05:27,310 Horizon coverage of the high gain 141 00:05:31,290 --> 00:05:29,170 antenna so today we're we're going to 142 00:05:32,850 --> 00:05:31,300 operate the high-gain antenna all the 143 00:05:34,950 --> 00:05:32,860 way through earth set so we can 144 00:05:36,450 --> 00:05:34,960 characterize what the real occlusion is 145 00:05:38,580 --> 00:05:36,460 with the low gain antenna so that our 146 00:05:40,740 --> 00:05:38,590 future high gain antenna windows can can 147 00:05:44,040 --> 00:05:40,750 be consistent with what we believe the 148 00:05:48,390 --> 00:05:44,050 capability of that to be so with that 149 00:05:49,650 --> 00:05:48,400 I'd like to introduce my colleague to 150 00:05:52,080 --> 00:05:49,660 the left we were just talking we've been 151 00:05:55,650 --> 00:05:52,090 working together for 16 years we were 152 00:05:57,300 --> 00:05:55,660 both very young and not that smart on 153 00:05:58,440 --> 00:05:57,310 Mars Pathfinder and you know you can 154 00:06:02,700 --> 00:05:58,450 make an assessment of where we've come 155 00:06:05,070 --> 00:06:02,710 but Justin Maki actually built and is 156 00:06:08,510 --> 00:06:05,080 operating the has cams and the nav cams 157 00:06:14,550 --> 00:06:08,520 on MSL and if you'll bring up the first 158 00:06:18,450 --> 00:06:14,560 image here this this is the anti Sun 159 00:06:20,310 --> 00:06:18,460 image that shows that the go ahead and 160 00:06:21,660 --> 00:06:20,320 bring up the first image I think it's 161 00:06:25,530 --> 00:06:21,670 the image it's the first image in 162 00:06:27,480 --> 00:06:25,540 Justin's in Justin's package and it's 163 00:06:31,980 --> 00:06:27,490 the image if you look up here at the 164 00:06:34,470 --> 00:06:31,990 rover that we took there it is so I have 165 00:06:36,030 --> 00:06:34,480 the RSM in the position 166 00:06:37,590 --> 00:06:36,040 of where it was pointing when we took 167 00:06:40,080 --> 00:06:37,600 this image so you can see it's pointing 168 00:06:42,870 --> 00:06:40,090 down here you can see the shadow of the 169 00:06:45,060 --> 00:06:42,880 arm in the image and you can also see 170 00:06:46,380 --> 00:06:45,070 that the mast is deployed which is 171 00:06:49,320 --> 00:06:46,390 excellent that's what we're looking for 172 00:06:53,040 --> 00:06:49,330 and the reason we take this image is we 173 00:06:55,080 --> 00:06:53,050 actually did a son find to update and 174 00:06:58,170 --> 00:06:55,090 make sure that our understanding of our 175 00:07:00,000 --> 00:06:58,180 azimuth angle was correct and then we 176 00:07:03,090 --> 00:07:00,010 take the anti Sun image to make sure 177 00:07:04,920 --> 00:07:03,100 that it's 180 degrees off of what the 178 00:07:07,500 --> 00:07:04,930 the shadow is lined up with where the 179 00:07:10,200 --> 00:07:07,510 Sun is on the other side that did update 180 00:07:12,570 --> 00:07:10,210 our azimuth about a degree from what we 181 00:07:14,160 --> 00:07:12,580 had from gyro compass een but since the 182 00:07:15,870 --> 00:07:14,170 high-gain antenna session worked great 183 00:07:18,330 --> 00:07:15,880 yesterday it'll probably just work even 184 00:07:21,600 --> 00:07:18,340 better today based on that degree of 185 00:07:24,180 --> 00:07:21,610 update mar azimuth so Justin Maki again 186 00:07:25,650 --> 00:07:24,190 is the owner of the cameras who took 187 00:07:27,120 --> 00:07:25,660 this image so I'm now going to pass it 188 00:07:29,520 --> 00:07:27,130 off to him to talk about that and the 189 00:07:32,370 --> 00:07:29,530 other images that he took yesterday okay 190 00:07:35,130 --> 00:07:32,380 thanks Jennifer well this is our first 191 00:07:38,610 --> 00:07:35,140 image from the nav cam of Mars on nsl so 192 00:07:39,960 --> 00:07:38,620 it's notable in that sense not only was 193 00:07:41,970 --> 00:07:39,970 it used to check out the rover's 194 00:07:45,540 --> 00:07:41,980 attitude and positioning system which as 195 00:07:47,700 --> 00:07:45,550 you can see it did very well the the 196 00:07:49,200 --> 00:07:47,710 idea of the anti Sun images that the 197 00:07:51,180 --> 00:07:49,210 shadow should be in the center of the 198 00:07:52,770 --> 00:07:51,190 image and it may look a little off 199 00:07:54,180 --> 00:07:52,780 center but the reason that it's slightly 200 00:07:56,130 --> 00:07:54,190 off center is because we use the left 201 00:07:57,300 --> 00:07:56,140 nav cam to acquire that image so if you 202 00:07:58,500 --> 00:07:57,310 look on the left side you can see that 203 00:08:01,230 --> 00:07:58,510 that's in the center of the image and we 204 00:08:03,330 --> 00:08:01,240 verified that it's a great shot because 205 00:08:05,070 --> 00:08:03,340 it does show Mars you can see in the 206 00:08:07,050 --> 00:08:05,080 lower left portion of the image you can 207 00:08:09,680 --> 00:08:07,060 see the robotic arm there's a cover 208 00:08:12,840 --> 00:08:09,690 there with the curiosity logo on there 209 00:08:14,730 --> 00:08:12,850 there's also a what's called an 210 00:08:16,530 --> 00:08:14,740 augmented reality tag there that's that 211 00:08:18,360 --> 00:08:16,540 little pixelated a rover that's kind of 212 00:08:21,630 --> 00:08:18,370 near the center of the image and I'm 213 00:08:23,190 --> 00:08:21,640 told that this is going to be active 214 00:08:24,480 --> 00:08:23,200 once the rover starts moving and we'll 215 00:08:27,300 --> 00:08:24,490 be able to take your smartphone and 216 00:08:29,730 --> 00:08:27,310 point it at that tag and it will take 217 00:08:32,250 --> 00:08:29,740 you to a website of interest related to 218 00:08:33,420 --> 00:08:32,260 the rubber operations and the other 219 00:08:35,310 --> 00:08:33,430 thing I'm going to mention is lower 220 00:08:37,500 --> 00:08:35,320 right side of the image there you can 221 00:08:39,300 --> 00:08:37,510 see one of the rover's wheels and when 222 00:08:41,339 --> 00:08:39,310 this came down overnight we were happy 223 00:08:44,070 --> 00:08:41,349 to see that the the rover is relatively 224 00:08:45,990 --> 00:08:44,080 dust free there was some concern that we 225 00:08:47,730 --> 00:08:46,000 did kick up a lot of dust during 226 00:08:48,150 --> 00:08:47,740 landings so this image sort of shows 227 00:08:50,509 --> 00:08:48,160 that it 228 00:08:52,920 --> 00:08:50,519 really isn't that bad we do see a thin 229 00:08:57,930 --> 00:08:52,930 coating of dust but nothing nothing too 230 00:09:00,360 --> 00:08:57,940 bad so the next graphic just to give you 231 00:09:02,819 --> 00:09:00,370 a quick overview shows the napkins you 232 00:09:04,199 --> 00:09:02,829 can see there it's a stereo pair of 233 00:09:06,059 --> 00:09:04,209 cameras and the field of view is shown 234 00:09:08,759 --> 00:09:06,069 there in the image it's a 45 degree by 235 00:09:11,550 --> 00:09:08,769 45 degree field of view and the cameras 236 00:09:13,800 --> 00:09:11,560 are designed to provide navigation and 237 00:09:16,470 --> 00:09:13,810 planning assistance so we do 360-degree 238 00:09:20,040 --> 00:09:16,480 panoramas and use those stereo images to 239 00:09:23,040 --> 00:09:20,050 do Drive planning and science instrument 240 00:09:26,819 --> 00:09:23,050 targeting so the cameras were built here 241 00:09:28,740 --> 00:09:26,829 at JPL they are copies of the Emmy Ark 242 00:09:31,199 --> 00:09:28,750 napkins which they're identical we call 243 00:09:33,210 --> 00:09:31,209 that a build to print development so we 244 00:09:36,530 --> 00:09:33,220 take the same design that we used on the 245 00:09:42,059 --> 00:09:36,540 last mission we built them for msl and 246 00:09:44,759 --> 00:09:42,069 they they're working very nicely as that 247 00:09:46,259 --> 00:09:44,769 image showed we checked checked out the 248 00:09:47,850 --> 00:09:46,269 cameras with that image and we're very 249 00:09:51,119 --> 00:09:47,860 happy all the exposure times are as 250 00:09:53,759 --> 00:09:51,129 expected and go ahead and go to the next 251 00:09:57,749 --> 00:09:53,769 graphic after we did that image we went 252 00:09:59,699 --> 00:09:57,759 ahead and acquired a 360 degree panorama 253 00:10:01,259 --> 00:09:59,709 and so this graphic shows the thumbnail 254 00:10:04,110 --> 00:10:01,269 images from that panorama which are 255 00:10:06,179 --> 00:10:04,120 these little 64 x 64 pixel images that 256 00:10:09,420 --> 00:10:06,189 take a very little data volume so we 257 00:10:11,699 --> 00:10:09,430 download down like those over the UHF 258 00:10:13,259 --> 00:10:11,709 pass tonight put together this mosaic 259 00:10:15,569 --> 00:10:13,269 and I should mention that these mosaics 260 00:10:18,019 --> 00:10:15,579 are being also generated here at JPL by 261 00:10:20,100 --> 00:10:18,029 the multi-mission image processing lab 262 00:10:21,660 --> 00:10:20,110 so we're going to be down linking the 263 00:10:23,519 --> 00:10:21,670 full-frame versions of the full 264 00:10:25,769 --> 00:10:23,529 resolution versions of these images over 265 00:10:29,400 --> 00:10:25,779 the next day or two the next graphic 266 00:10:32,340 --> 00:10:29,410 shows what we call a polar projection we 267 00:10:34,920 --> 00:10:32,350 also took in panorama of the deck we 268 00:10:37,139 --> 00:10:34,930 call that the deck pan and we took this 269 00:10:39,480 --> 00:10:37,149 to document the state of the deck after 270 00:10:41,370 --> 00:10:39,490 landing it's still a low resolution 271 00:10:42,720 --> 00:10:41,380 because this is also generated from 272 00:10:45,090 --> 00:10:42,730 thumbnail images but you can see the 273 00:10:47,670 --> 00:10:45,100 rover there North is up in that deck 274 00:10:48,960 --> 00:10:47,680 graphic the RTGS on the left side the 275 00:10:50,759 --> 00:10:48,970 front of the rover is on the right side 276 00:10:53,840 --> 00:10:50,769 you can see the shadow of the RSM there 277 00:10:56,370 --> 00:10:53,850 pointing pointing to the to the right 278 00:10:58,049 --> 00:10:56,380 and if you look closely you can see the 279 00:10:59,310 --> 00:10:58,059 wheels there on the bottom the bottom 280 00:11:02,280 --> 00:10:59,320 side of the river there 281 00:11:03,330 --> 00:11:02,290 that's just sort of precursor of things 282 00:11:05,130 --> 00:11:03,340 to come we're going to get the full 283 00:11:05,970 --> 00:11:05,140 resolution versions of those images down 284 00:11:11,550 --> 00:11:05,980 and we're looking forward to getting 285 00:11:14,640 --> 00:11:11,560 those so the the next slide shows the 286 00:11:16,680 --> 00:11:14,650 first two full frame images that we've 287 00:11:19,020 --> 00:11:16,690 down linked from the our 360 degree now 288 00:11:21,300 --> 00:11:19,030 can't panorama this is just a great shot 289 00:11:23,970 --> 00:11:21,310 it's pointed to the north it's a mosaic 290 00:11:26,490 --> 00:11:23,980 it's we call it a 2 x 1 mosaic you can 291 00:11:28,890 --> 00:11:26,500 see in the near field the scour marks 292 00:11:30,630 --> 00:11:28,900 that the descent engines made on the 293 00:11:32,760 --> 00:11:30,640 surface which kicked up some of that 294 00:11:35,580 --> 00:11:32,770 dust that we saw in those has cam images 295 00:11:37,110 --> 00:11:35,590 on landing day and as you go out towards 296 00:11:40,230 --> 00:11:37,120 the horizon and near the middle of the 297 00:11:42,060 --> 00:11:40,240 image is sort of sloping down hill and 298 00:11:44,040 --> 00:11:42,070 then there's a little little drop-off 299 00:11:45,440 --> 00:11:44,050 there about the middle of the image it's 300 00:11:47,280 --> 00:11:45,450 a little hard to tell on the graphic but 301 00:11:50,340 --> 00:11:47,290 beyond that you go all the way out to 302 00:11:54,720 --> 00:11:50,350 the horizon you can see the north crater 303 00:11:57,120 --> 00:11:54,730 rim of Gale Crater so this image is just 304 00:11:58,890 --> 00:11:57,130 fantastic especially for those of us 305 00:12:01,140 --> 00:11:58,900 that worked on developing these cameras 306 00:12:03,840 --> 00:12:01,150 and we're very excited to see the system 307 00:12:06,960 --> 00:12:03,850 working and based on what we've gotten 308 00:12:08,820 --> 00:12:06,970 in the last 12 hours were we've declared 309 00:12:11,130 --> 00:12:08,830 the nav cams commissioned and ready for 310 00:12:12,630 --> 00:12:11,140 use and with that I will turn it over to 311 00:12:14,400 --> 00:12:12,640 John to talk a little bit more about 312 00:12:17,490 --> 00:12:14,410 what's in the image right thanks Justin 313 00:12:20,340 --> 00:12:17,500 okay so if we can go ahead to the next 314 00:12:23,130 --> 00:12:20,350 one there you'll see the same image that 315 00:12:26,040 --> 00:12:23,140 Justin was just talking about and we are 316 00:12:27,960 --> 00:12:26,050 looking to the north and so that's the 317 00:12:30,330 --> 00:12:27,970 rim of gale crater and that's the part 318 00:12:32,490 --> 00:12:30,340 of the rim of the crater which is lowest 319 00:12:34,680 --> 00:12:32,500 in elevation facing the the northern 320 00:12:37,110 --> 00:12:34,690 lowlands of Mars so it's been very 321 00:12:38,580 --> 00:12:37,120 deeply dissected and the thing that 322 00:12:41,040 --> 00:12:38,590 really struck the science team about 323 00:12:42,750 --> 00:12:41,050 this image that you would really be 324 00:12:44,460 --> 00:12:42,760 forgiven for thinking that NASA was 325 00:12:46,350 --> 00:12:44,470 trying to pull a fast one on you and we 326 00:12:49,050 --> 00:12:46,360 actually put a rover at the Mojave 327 00:12:54,030 --> 00:12:49,060 Desert and took a picture a little la 328 00:12:55,560 --> 00:12:54,040 smog coming in there and so the the 329 00:12:58,500 --> 00:12:55,570 thing the thing that's amazing about 330 00:13:00,060 --> 00:12:58,510 this is it to a certain extent the first 331 00:13:02,700 --> 00:13:00,070 impression that you get is how 332 00:13:05,520 --> 00:13:02,710 earth-like the seams looking at that at 333 00:13:07,230 --> 00:13:05,530 that landscape and and maybe one of the 334 00:13:08,910 --> 00:13:07,240 reasons behind it is that you're also 335 00:13:10,110 --> 00:13:08,920 looking in the same direction that this 336 00:13:13,320 --> 00:13:10,120 alluvial fan has come 337 00:13:15,120 --> 00:13:13,330 from so all the sedimentary materials 338 00:13:16,980 --> 00:13:15,130 all the the part not necessarily the 339 00:13:20,280 --> 00:13:16,990 things you're looking at that's all TBD 340 00:13:22,110 --> 00:13:20,290 but more more distally what we can 341 00:13:23,850 --> 00:13:22,120 really confirm in terms of looking at 342 00:13:26,130 --> 00:13:23,860 the high-rise images is that all those 343 00:13:27,870 --> 00:13:26,140 materials are derived from erosion of 344 00:13:29,579 --> 00:13:27,880 those those mountains there that's the 345 00:13:32,430 --> 00:13:29,589 that's the source region for this 346 00:13:34,320 --> 00:13:32,440 material so it's it's really kind of 347 00:13:36,960 --> 00:13:34,330 fantastic to look out across there and 348 00:13:39,750 --> 00:13:36,970 and see something that has really 349 00:13:41,610 --> 00:13:39,760 attracted people to particular parts of 350 00:13:43,500 --> 00:13:41,620 Mars for your wondering ears wondering 351 00:13:45,240 --> 00:13:43,510 what would it look like if you landed on 352 00:13:47,310 --> 00:13:45,250 a on a landscape where there was an 353 00:13:49,470 --> 00:13:47,320 alluvial fan that was created by water 354 00:13:52,350 --> 00:13:49,480 so that there you're looking into 355 00:13:55,170 --> 00:13:52,360 towards the watershed that delivered 356 00:13:58,170 --> 00:13:55,180 those materials so in the middle ground 357 00:14:01,050 --> 00:13:58,180 you can see some dark looking Reggie 358 00:14:04,230 --> 00:14:01,060 features those are scarps probably a 359 00:14:06,900 --> 00:14:04,240 meter two metres three metres and height 360 00:14:09,870 --> 00:14:06,910 we have no idea what what those really 361 00:14:14,070 --> 00:14:09,880 are they're related to the bedrock that 362 00:14:17,400 --> 00:14:14,080 we exposed it's you're looking in toward 363 00:14:19,050 --> 00:14:17,410 the the high thermal inertia area over 364 00:14:21,840 --> 00:14:19,060 there and then in the immediate 365 00:14:25,740 --> 00:14:21,850 foreground you you see this this little 366 00:14:28,560 --> 00:14:25,750 low that Justin mesh in so at a very low 367 00:14:32,790 --> 00:14:28,570 slope a degree or two away from the 368 00:14:35,579 --> 00:14:32,800 rover into that depression there we 369 00:14:37,140 --> 00:14:35,589 don't yet know geo morphologically what 370 00:14:39,240 --> 00:14:37,150 that means but there is some kind of a 371 00:14:40,949 --> 00:14:39,250 low there and then right in the 372 00:14:42,750 --> 00:14:40,959 foreground is something that's 373 00:14:44,269 --> 00:14:42,760 particularly interesting Justin 374 00:14:48,990 --> 00:14:44,279 mentioned these are the thruster 375 00:14:50,760 --> 00:14:49,000 impingement excavation areas and what's 376 00:14:53,820 --> 00:14:50,770 cool about this is that we got some free 377 00:14:55,560 --> 00:14:53,830 trenching on em er we often discussed 378 00:14:58,650 --> 00:14:55,570 you know we how we would take the wheel 379 00:15:00,269 --> 00:14:58,660 and scuff and dig and we did and you 380 00:15:01,980 --> 00:15:00,279 know people like Rob Sullivan put a lot 381 00:15:04,740 --> 00:15:01,990 of effort into that and we'll do that 382 00:15:06,390 --> 00:15:04,750 with this with this rover curiosity but 383 00:15:08,550 --> 00:15:06,400 here we get a freebie right off the bat 384 00:15:11,400 --> 00:15:08,560 so if we zoom in what's really cool 385 00:15:14,190 --> 00:15:11,410 about this we're going to zoom into the 386 00:15:16,380 --> 00:15:14,200 mark on the side and we estimate right 387 00:15:17,699 --> 00:15:16,390 now is just chatting with Justin too bad 388 00:15:21,120 --> 00:15:17,709 we're going to guess that this is 389 00:15:23,640 --> 00:15:21,130 approximately a half a meter and with 390 00:15:24,060 --> 00:15:23,650 their what you see beneath the soil is 391 00:15:26,250 --> 00:15:24,070 bed 392 00:15:28,080 --> 00:15:26,260 rock and for those of you that may 393 00:15:30,450 --> 00:15:28,090 remember the phoenix landing you 394 00:15:32,160 --> 00:15:30,460 excavated and what were you looking for 395 00:15:34,470 --> 00:15:32,170 with phoenix you're looking for ice and 396 00:15:36,690 --> 00:15:34,480 so what what we're really looking for 397 00:15:38,810 --> 00:15:36,700 here is the diversity materials and so 398 00:15:42,180 --> 00:15:38,820 we see our first glimpse of bedrock and 399 00:15:45,260 --> 00:15:42,190 and so apparently there is a harder 400 00:15:48,030 --> 00:15:45,270 rockier material beneath this veneer of 401 00:15:49,920 --> 00:15:48,040 gravel and pebbles and you know 402 00:15:52,710 --> 00:15:49,930 obviously there's some impact ejecta in 403 00:15:55,050 --> 00:15:52,720 there as well and so we're all getting a 404 00:15:57,000 --> 00:15:55,060 glimpse into the subsurface here so for 405 00:15:59,310 --> 00:15:57,010 example when we turn the Dan instrument 406 00:16:01,770 --> 00:15:59,320 on for its check out and intermission 407 00:16:04,020 --> 00:16:01,780 will drive along and we'll want to know 408 00:16:05,610 --> 00:16:04,030 what's in the subsurface and and here 409 00:16:08,010 --> 00:16:05,620 we've already got an exploration hole 410 00:16:09,660 --> 00:16:08,020 drilled for us so when we interpret that 411 00:16:12,780 --> 00:16:09,670 data we actually have some understanding 412 00:16:14,340 --> 00:16:12,790 of the depth to bedrock for for 413 00:16:16,470 --> 00:16:14,350 understand you know understanding what 414 00:16:19,440 --> 00:16:16,480 the subsurface is that we've never done 415 00:16:21,420 --> 00:16:19,450 before with a rover mission so with that 416 00:16:23,010 --> 00:16:21,430 just a little teaser as to what's to 417 00:16:24,360 --> 00:16:23,020 come in the future and I'm going to turn 418 00:16:28,200 --> 00:16:24,370 it over to Mike to show you some really 419 00:16:29,580 --> 00:16:28,210 cool stuff thank you John I've acted two 420 00:16:34,350 --> 00:16:29,590 things I'm going to share with you today 421 00:16:38,490 --> 00:16:34,360 the first is not really directly related 422 00:16:41,310 --> 00:16:38,500 to my role on MSL but to my role in the 423 00:16:45,960 --> 00:16:41,320 MRO project on the team leader for the 424 00:16:49,560 --> 00:16:45,970 imaging system on mro and one of my team 425 00:16:53,600 --> 00:16:49,570 members from my company was targeting 426 00:16:55,980 --> 00:16:53,610 mro up here as part of her duties and 427 00:16:58,200 --> 00:16:55,990 she brought to my attention the first 428 00:16:59,760 --> 00:16:58,210 thing I'm going to show you i'm gonna i 429 00:17:01,080 --> 00:16:59,770 need to set the stage because it's going 430 00:17:03,300 --> 00:17:01,090 to come on the screen that could flash 431 00:17:06,179 --> 00:17:03,310 off after a couple of seconds what 432 00:17:08,550 --> 00:17:06,189 you're going to see is a a picture that 433 00:17:12,030 --> 00:17:08,560 we took on august first of the landing 434 00:17:15,960 --> 00:17:12,040 area and they obviously the lander and 435 00:17:18,449 --> 00:17:15,970 its other pieces are not in that image 436 00:17:21,000 --> 00:17:18,459 and then the second image you'll see 437 00:17:23,490 --> 00:17:21,010 it'll come up in a two seconds later is 438 00:17:25,439 --> 00:17:23,500 going to be the image we took on the 439 00:17:27,390 --> 00:17:25,449 seventh at the same time that high-rise 440 00:17:28,740 --> 00:17:27,400 was taking the picture that you've seen 441 00:17:31,260 --> 00:17:28,750 that I think they're pictures in the 442 00:17:33,900 --> 00:17:31,270 back of the room of that and so we wrote 443 00:17:35,520 --> 00:17:33,910 along with the high-rise the context 444 00:17:38,690 --> 00:17:35,530 camera is a much lower resolution 445 00:17:42,630 --> 00:17:38,700 camera its 120th the resolution of 446 00:17:45,840 --> 00:17:42,640 high-rise so we 20 times poorer so we 447 00:17:47,730 --> 00:17:45,850 get 6 meter per pixel take the image 5 448 00:17:50,550 --> 00:17:47,740 meters when we map projected so that we 449 00:17:53,250 --> 00:17:50,560 can compare image to image and but we 450 00:17:55,290 --> 00:17:53,260 also cover 50 times more area that 451 00:17:59,040 --> 00:17:55,300 high-rise does our swath width is 452 00:18:00,780 --> 00:17:59,050 typically 30 kilometers wide and the 453 00:18:03,240 --> 00:18:00,790 this particular image had a 42 454 00:18:06,390 --> 00:18:03,250 kilometers we were looking sideways at 455 00:18:10,020 --> 00:18:06,400 the surface and the the entire image is 456 00:18:12,090 --> 00:18:10,030 like 275 kilometers long so we cover a 457 00:18:15,360 --> 00:18:12,100 huge section of Mars when we take these 458 00:18:18,030 --> 00:18:15,370 images Lilia was looking at the the 459 00:18:20,400 --> 00:18:18,040 after image and she found something 460 00:18:22,170 --> 00:18:20,410 that's something a little odd so I'll 461 00:18:24,780 --> 00:18:22,180 draw your attention when we when the 462 00:18:28,740 --> 00:18:24,790 pictures come up look to the right side 463 00:18:30,780 --> 00:18:28,750 sort of down range from the from the 464 00:18:32,490 --> 00:18:30,790 area where the other pieces of the 465 00:18:35,040 --> 00:18:32,500 vehicle fell so we can have the first 466 00:18:37,110 --> 00:18:35,050 graphic it'll basically flash between 467 00:18:40,620 --> 00:18:37,120 that's the pre that's the after there's 468 00:18:42,210 --> 00:18:40,630 the before there is the after there is a 469 00:18:44,430 --> 00:18:42,220 before and look over at the right by 470 00:18:45,840 --> 00:18:44,440 that little Mesa and there's just to the 471 00:18:48,560 --> 00:18:45,850 upper left of that Mesa you see these 472 00:18:52,800 --> 00:18:48,570 little black things flicking on and off 473 00:18:57,030 --> 00:18:52,810 ok so will you blew that up and if we go 474 00:18:59,280 --> 00:18:57,040 to the next slide they'll also be 475 00:19:04,410 --> 00:18:59,290 another flickering image no and then 476 00:19:06,750 --> 00:19:04,420 they see six spots what are those six 477 00:19:09,180 --> 00:19:06,760 spots well Lily of you enough to go 478 00:19:11,280 --> 00:19:09,190 asking via kinloch can educate min and 479 00:19:14,160 --> 00:19:11,290 he saw this on the screen from the door 480 00:19:16,110 --> 00:19:14,170 of our room isn't what's that because it 481 00:19:19,290 --> 00:19:16,120 was very it's very obvious to people who 482 00:19:23,040 --> 00:19:19,300 know Mars Lillian and Ken know Mars very 483 00:19:26,550 --> 00:19:23,050 well and very obvious to people who 484 00:19:28,950 --> 00:19:26,560 studied of Gale that these were 485 00:19:35,610 --> 00:19:28,960 different and basically those are the 486 00:19:38,010 --> 00:19:35,620 six entry ballast masses I bm's I guess 487 00:19:42,060 --> 00:19:38,020 they're called they're 25 kilogram 488 00:19:44,010 --> 00:19:42,070 tungsten slugs about this big they hit 489 00:19:46,530 --> 00:19:44,020 the surface and they disturb the surface 490 00:19:48,780 --> 00:19:46,540 and these these particular things are 491 00:19:51,480 --> 00:19:48,790 about 12 kilometers down 492 00:19:55,680 --> 00:19:51,490 range from the lander they have about a 493 00:19:58,100 --> 00:19:55,690 one kilometre dispersal and these were 494 00:20:01,230 --> 00:19:58,110 what was thrown off just before the 495 00:20:03,330 --> 00:20:01,240 straighten up and fly right phase just 496 00:20:05,190 --> 00:20:03,340 before parachute came out these deaths 497 00:20:07,350 --> 00:20:05,200 they and they felt follow there's their 498 00:20:10,590 --> 00:20:07,360 separate path to the surface and that's 499 00:20:12,990 --> 00:20:10,600 where they hit so it was a great fine by 500 00:20:15,510 --> 00:20:13,000 Lilia and we're all very pleased that it 501 00:20:17,130 --> 00:20:15,520 worked and the edl guys were very 502 00:20:19,980 --> 00:20:17,140 excited to see these because this is a 503 00:20:22,920 --> 00:20:19,990 another test of all the modeling they've 504 00:20:24,600 --> 00:20:22,930 done for edl this tells them how inert 505 00:20:26,340 --> 00:20:24,610 objects that aren't doing any activity 506 00:20:28,290 --> 00:20:26,350 come through the atmosphere and fall 507 00:20:32,490 --> 00:20:28,300 there are other pieces that we will look 508 00:20:35,700 --> 00:20:32,500 once once mro is allowed to turn its 509 00:20:38,520 --> 00:20:35,710 payload back on we will be able to do 510 00:20:41,730 --> 00:20:38,530 that test go look for for these other 511 00:20:44,160 --> 00:20:41,740 large features so so that's what my 512 00:20:47,250 --> 00:20:44,170 first story we were all very excited 513 00:20:49,050 --> 00:20:47,260 about that yesterday next slide is going 514 00:20:50,880 --> 00:20:49,060 to show you an animal next thing is 515 00:20:53,790 --> 00:20:50,890 going to show you an animation this is 516 00:20:56,970 --> 00:20:53,800 going to be the first 25 seconds of the 517 00:20:58,680 --> 00:20:56,980 video in thumbnail form you're inside 518 00:21:00,480 --> 00:20:58,690 the vehicle inside the astral Cheryl she 519 00:21:04,080 --> 00:21:00,490 also you didn't see anything and then 520 00:21:05,760 --> 00:21:04,090 the ETF elevator so so the first part of 521 00:21:07,470 --> 00:21:05,770 that you were in the dark because there 522 00:21:10,920 --> 00:21:07,480 was no light inside the aeroshell and 523 00:21:14,750 --> 00:21:10,930 then it popped off and you saw it moving 524 00:21:17,100 --> 00:21:14,760 away this is again a thumbnail 525 00:21:19,920 --> 00:21:17,110 resolution video but it gives you an 526 00:21:22,410 --> 00:21:19,930 idea of sort of the kind of action we're 527 00:21:26,520 --> 00:21:22,420 going to see in the near future and that 528 00:21:28,620 --> 00:21:26,530 that that was six seconds of dark at the 529 00:21:30,300 --> 00:21:28,630 beginning inside that all was taken 530 00:21:34,320 --> 00:21:30,310 about two and a half minutes before we 531 00:21:35,600 --> 00:21:34,330 hit we landed the next slide is going to 532 00:21:38,400 --> 00:21:35,610 show you something you've seen before 533 00:21:41,100 --> 00:21:38,410 this is the thumbnail that I showed a 534 00:21:43,710 --> 00:21:41,110 couple days ago of the heat shield at a 535 00:21:45,480 --> 00:21:43,720 distance of about 15 meters heat shields 536 00:21:48,510 --> 00:21:45,490 about four and a half meters across and 537 00:21:51,330 --> 00:21:48,520 the next slide shows you the full 538 00:21:53,550 --> 00:21:51,340 resolution system came back and and 539 00:21:55,380 --> 00:21:53,560 you've been hearing us keep saying well 540 00:21:57,660 --> 00:21:55,390 just wait till you see the good stuff 541 00:22:00,390 --> 00:21:57,670 well this is the good stuff came down 542 00:22:02,010 --> 00:22:00,400 and it's quite spectacular you can 543 00:22:05,400 --> 00:22:02,020 actually see the stitch 544 00:22:08,070 --> 00:22:05,410 in the in the heat in the the thermal 545 00:22:11,190 --> 00:22:08,080 blanket you can see there's wiring in 546 00:22:12,810 --> 00:22:11,200 there for the medley experiment and so 547 00:22:15,150 --> 00:22:12,820 eventually we hope to have that same 548 00:22:18,780 --> 00:22:15,160 animation I just showed you it this 549 00:22:22,380 --> 00:22:18,790 resolution so I was actually going to do 550 00:22:24,060 --> 00:22:22,390 a couple of these thumbnail than full 551 00:22:26,160 --> 00:22:24,070 resolution was but don't have the time 552 00:22:29,430 --> 00:22:26,170 for that so the next slide is going to 553 00:22:32,040 --> 00:22:29,440 show you a high resolution view of the 554 00:22:35,190 --> 00:22:32,050 vehicle sitting on the ground this is 555 00:22:37,620 --> 00:22:35,200 the camera is a seven tenths of a meter 556 00:22:39,420 --> 00:22:37,630 off the ground and it's looking down 557 00:22:44,250 --> 00:22:39,430 this is a view the camera will have from 558 00:22:46,410 --> 00:22:44,260 now on it turns out is about nine-tenths 559 00:22:49,980 --> 00:22:46,420 of meter wide so it's about a yard wide 560 00:22:52,290 --> 00:22:49,990 and once you do this map projection to 561 00:22:55,530 --> 00:22:52,300 get it out i get the distortion out of 562 00:22:57,480 --> 00:22:55,540 the lens and you can see a pebble there 563 00:22:58,800 --> 00:22:57,490 that's five centimeters across you can 564 00:23:01,140 --> 00:22:58,810 see most of the material there is 565 00:23:03,690 --> 00:23:01,150 smaller than that and so this is the 566 00:23:05,250 --> 00:23:03,700 gravel that's covering the surface we 567 00:23:07,170 --> 00:23:05,260 actually are seeing some color 568 00:23:09,510 --> 00:23:07,180 differences in the material but I don't 569 00:23:11,820 --> 00:23:09,520 believe them because i think the the way 570 00:23:14,700 --> 00:23:11,830 the bear filter is reacting to that is 571 00:23:17,190 --> 00:23:14,710 is being spoofed by the illumination 572 00:23:21,510 --> 00:23:17,200 conditions so that something that's 573 00:23:23,880 --> 00:23:21,520 darker is looking colored but we tim 574 00:23:26,280 --> 00:23:23,890 parker has been working on a super res 575 00:23:28,950 --> 00:23:26,290 because we took hundreds of this image 576 00:23:31,230 --> 00:23:28,960 and he's been putting them to adding the 577 00:23:33,240 --> 00:23:31,240 co adding them together and we're 578 00:23:35,160 --> 00:23:33,250 getting spectacular spatial resolution 579 00:23:36,990 --> 00:23:35,170 out of that this image is slightly out 580 00:23:39,480 --> 00:23:37,000 of focus because the camera is not in 581 00:23:41,130 --> 00:23:39,490 focus at the surface but it's not as 582 00:23:44,240 --> 00:23:41,140 much out of focus as I thought it was 583 00:23:49,950 --> 00:23:44,250 going to be so it really is really nice 584 00:23:53,400 --> 00:23:49,960 the next one I think is another flicker 585 00:23:56,790 --> 00:23:53,410 yes this is a high-rise view this is the 586 00:24:00,720 --> 00:23:56,800 grey one is a high-rise scale a base map 587 00:24:03,510 --> 00:24:00,730 the colored one is the Marty taken from 588 00:24:07,140 --> 00:24:03,520 an altitude of about 170 meters which is 589 00:24:08,820 --> 00:24:07,150 about 44 seconds before touchdown and 590 00:24:12,900 --> 00:24:08,830 the field of view what you're looking at 591 00:24:15,330 --> 00:24:12,910 there is about 215 by 150 meters that 592 00:24:19,170 --> 00:24:15,340 little white box is the sigh 593 00:24:24,030 --> 00:24:19,180 of the rover and the and it's located 594 00:24:25,530 --> 00:24:24,040 where we know from the closer images 595 00:24:27,780 --> 00:24:25,540 where we can match up rocks and things 596 00:24:31,110 --> 00:24:27,790 like that it's we know that it's 597 00:24:33,600 --> 00:24:31,120 positioned where the rover is and if you 598 00:24:35,070 --> 00:24:33,610 it's very hard to show you at this scale 599 00:24:36,930 --> 00:24:35,080 you're projecting and things like that 600 00:24:38,730 --> 00:24:36,940 you should look at the image that's 601 00:24:40,410 --> 00:24:38,740 going to be on the web if you look at 602 00:24:42,150 --> 00:24:40,420 there's a bunch of rocks and boulders in 603 00:24:45,390 --> 00:24:42,160 the upper left corner of that image 604 00:24:46,920 --> 00:24:45,400 there's also some bed forms a low land 605 00:24:50,490 --> 00:24:46,930 bed forms in that crater to the lower 606 00:24:52,710 --> 00:24:50,500 left sewed amid the not the lowest left 607 00:24:54,240 --> 00:24:52,720 but in the middle left there there are 608 00:24:58,380 --> 00:24:54,250 all sorts of things there's a very very 609 00:25:00,750 --> 00:24:58,390 sharp little rock to the south east the 610 00:25:04,350 --> 00:25:00,760 southwest of the rover by probably looks 611 00:25:06,630 --> 00:25:04,360 like 50 meters but you know I look at 612 00:25:08,610 --> 00:25:06,640 this and I say well I don't you know 613 00:25:10,920 --> 00:25:08,620 they're plenty of places we can go to 614 00:25:13,020 --> 00:25:10,930 something question about can we move the 615 00:25:15,060 --> 00:25:13,030 rover is it safe to move the rover 616 00:25:16,830 --> 00:25:15,070 there's nothing around it so we can it's 617 00:25:18,810 --> 00:25:16,840 safe to move the rover there's nothing 618 00:25:22,830 --> 00:25:18,820 under it because we do have an image 619 00:25:25,200 --> 00:25:22,840 closer in as well and so today's 620 00:25:27,660 --> 00:25:25,210 presentation for marty was basically to 621 00:25:28,740 --> 00:25:27,670 fulfill the promise we said if you wait 622 00:25:31,020 --> 00:25:28,750 a little while we'll have slightly 623 00:25:33,450 --> 00:25:31,030 better pictures they're more than 624 00:25:35,550 --> 00:25:33,460 slightly better and and I think they 625 00:25:37,590 --> 00:25:35,560 they show you that the party took some 626 00:25:39,540 --> 00:25:37,600 really good image on the way down with 627 00:25:41,460 --> 00:25:39,550 that I'm going to have you done thank 628 00:25:44,370 --> 00:25:41,470 you Mike well it's really tough to 629 00:25:46,920 --> 00:25:44,380 compete with these fantastic images but 630 00:25:49,020 --> 00:25:46,930 I'm going to report snapshot of the 631 00:25:51,030 --> 00:25:49,030 first observations we have of the 632 00:25:53,430 --> 00:25:51,040 radiation environment on the surface of 633 00:25:55,380 --> 00:25:53,440 another planet which in itself I think 634 00:25:57,900 --> 00:25:55,390 is quite remarkable interestingly 635 00:26:01,230 --> 00:25:57,910 interestingly enough yesterday was the 636 00:26:04,290 --> 00:26:01,240 hundred year anniversary of the the 637 00:26:07,530 --> 00:26:04,300 discovery of galactic cosmic rays on 638 00:26:11,070 --> 00:26:07,540 earth by Victor Hesse with his hot-air 639 00:26:13,050 --> 00:26:11,080 balloon in eastern Germany and exactly 640 00:26:14,310 --> 00:26:13,060 one hundred years later yesterday we 641 00:26:15,870 --> 00:26:14,320 make the first measurements or 642 00:26:17,820 --> 00:26:15,880 characterize the first measurements of 643 00:26:20,340 --> 00:26:17,830 collected cosmic rays and the rest of 644 00:26:23,330 --> 00:26:20,350 the radiation spectrum from the surface 645 00:26:26,490 --> 00:26:23,340 of Mars so if we have the next slide 646 00:26:28,250 --> 00:26:26,500 this shows basically zooming in on the 647 00:26:31,910 --> 00:26:28,260 top deck of the rover 648 00:26:33,410 --> 00:26:31,920 showing where the red window is so the 649 00:26:36,230 --> 00:26:33,420 radiation assessment detector or rad 650 00:26:38,270 --> 00:26:36,240 field of view is defined for the charged 651 00:26:40,450 --> 00:26:38,280 particle channel by this this window and 652 00:26:42,890 --> 00:26:40,460 that points towards the zenith and so we 653 00:26:44,450 --> 00:26:42,900 characterize and measure charged 654 00:26:47,480 --> 00:26:44,460 particle radiation coming in from the 655 00:26:50,030 --> 00:26:47,490 atmosphere as well as neutral particle 656 00:26:52,490 --> 00:26:50,040 radiation neutrons and gamma-rays and a 657 00:26:53,660 --> 00:26:52,500 lot we've learned a lot since in the 658 00:26:56,330 --> 00:26:53,670 last hundred years since the 659 00:26:59,300 --> 00:26:56,340 measurements of Victor has we know that 660 00:27:00,980 --> 00:26:59,310 if you'll show the next slide that the 661 00:27:03,200 --> 00:27:00,990 two types of radiation in space the 662 00:27:05,630 --> 00:27:03,210 galactic cosmic rays and solar energetic 663 00:27:07,640 --> 00:27:05,640 particles are driven in a large part by 664 00:27:09,620 --> 00:27:07,650 the Sun they go with the solar cycle and 665 00:27:12,980 --> 00:27:09,630 it's actually a very interesting time 666 00:27:14,810 --> 00:27:12,990 because the entire nominal mission 667 00:27:17,750 --> 00:27:14,820 surface operations will be right around 668 00:27:19,940 --> 00:27:17,760 solar maximum you can see the data in 669 00:27:22,640 --> 00:27:19,950 white and the prediction of the solar 670 00:27:25,190 --> 00:27:22,650 cycle in red so we'll have an 671 00:27:28,370 --> 00:27:25,200 opportunity to to really get a good 672 00:27:29,810 --> 00:27:28,380 characterization of both the galactic 673 00:27:31,670 --> 00:27:29,820 cosmic ray background which is what 674 00:27:33,740 --> 00:27:31,680 Victor Hess measured a hundred years ago 675 00:27:36,830 --> 00:27:33,750 but also the solar energetic particles 676 00:27:40,310 --> 00:27:36,840 as they occur in solar particle events 677 00:27:43,790 --> 00:27:40,320 as a result of flares or solar storms on 678 00:27:47,420 --> 00:27:43,800 the Sun so if you if you take a look at 679 00:27:48,860 --> 00:27:47,430 this profile this is basically sunspot 680 00:27:51,920 --> 00:27:48,870 number as a function of the solar cycle 681 00:27:54,590 --> 00:27:51,930 collect the cosmic rays very an 11-year 682 00:27:57,110 --> 00:27:54,600 cycle solar energetic particles are 683 00:27:59,360 --> 00:27:57,120 episodic they they happen on a scale of 684 00:28:01,700 --> 00:27:59,370 hours to days and they can be very 685 00:28:03,770 --> 00:28:01,710 intense the first measurements we had 686 00:28:07,880 --> 00:28:03,780 yesterday the Sun was very quiet in a 687 00:28:10,640 --> 00:28:07,890 location of Mars so the measurements we 688 00:28:12,020 --> 00:28:10,650 have are pretty much primarily galactic 689 00:28:14,300 --> 00:28:12,030 cosmic rays but if you show the next 690 00:28:16,700 --> 00:28:14,310 slide this is really just a snapshot of 691 00:28:19,850 --> 00:28:16,710 pretty close to the raw data that we 692 00:28:21,980 --> 00:28:19,860 that we observe with rad from the 693 00:28:23,810 --> 00:28:21,990 surface so there's a couple of things to 694 00:28:26,510 --> 00:28:23,820 note this was a three and a half hour 695 00:28:29,180 --> 00:28:26,520 observation with about one minute time 696 00:28:33,830 --> 00:28:29,190 resolution or 11 observation one frame 697 00:28:35,750 --> 00:28:33,840 per minute of data storage and this is 698 00:28:37,610 --> 00:28:35,760 really a plot of dose rate in arbitrary 699 00:28:40,570 --> 00:28:37,620 units because we haven't well first of 700 00:28:42,310 --> 00:28:40,580 all the mast hadn't been deployed yet so 701 00:28:45,039 --> 00:28:42,320 the the mass was partially obstructing 702 00:28:47,860 --> 00:28:45,049 our field of view secondly we haven't 703 00:28:50,200 --> 00:28:47,870 corrected for the RTG background nor 704 00:28:52,149 --> 00:28:50,210 have we done a correction for the 705 00:28:53,560 --> 00:28:52,159 silicon and our plastic detectors we 706 00:28:55,570 --> 00:28:53,570 have two different types of detectors on 707 00:28:58,000 --> 00:28:55,580 rad so these are really arbitrary units 708 00:29:01,870 --> 00:28:58,010 but we have put just for reference the 709 00:29:04,779 --> 00:29:01,880 average dose rate that we observed in 710 00:29:06,310 --> 00:29:04,789 during cruise we had seven and a little 711 00:29:08,380 --> 00:29:06,320 over seven months of observations during 712 00:29:11,529 --> 00:29:08,390 cruise to to characterize read and get a 713 00:29:13,330 --> 00:29:11,539 very good baseline in deep space and now 714 00:29:16,240 --> 00:29:13,340 we are starting to take our measurements 715 00:29:18,039 --> 00:29:16,250 on the surface to to characterize the 716 00:29:21,190 --> 00:29:18,049 radiation environment on the surface so 717 00:29:23,860 --> 00:29:21,200 although this is a quiet time on on the 718 00:29:25,570 --> 00:29:23,870 surface of Mars there's really not a 719 00:29:28,659 --> 00:29:25,580 large contribution from solar energetic 720 00:29:31,779 --> 00:29:28,669 particles you can see that the spikes in 721 00:29:34,269 --> 00:29:31,789 those in that in that plot are really 722 00:29:36,009 --> 00:29:34,279 individual heavy ion hits on the 723 00:29:37,810 --> 00:29:36,019 detectors and it's and it's actually the 724 00:29:40,149 --> 00:29:37,820 contribution from these heavy ions that 725 00:29:42,000 --> 00:29:40,159 that are the biggest effect for 726 00:29:45,250 --> 00:29:42,010 biological organisms whether it be 727 00:29:48,700 --> 00:29:45,260 microbial life on Mars or astronauts on 728 00:29:51,250 --> 00:29:48,710 future missions to Mars and so what we 729 00:29:54,610 --> 00:29:51,260 will achieve with rad over the next days 730 00:29:57,460 --> 00:29:54,620 months and years will be to characterize 731 00:30:01,060 --> 00:29:57,470 and accumulate the statistics and also 732 00:30:02,740 --> 00:30:01,070 to gather energy spectra of each of 733 00:30:04,629 --> 00:30:02,750 these heavy ion events basically we 734 00:30:07,450 --> 00:30:04,639 record as I mentioned we record the 735 00:30:08,919 --> 00:30:07,460 spectra of 26 different charged 736 00:30:11,289 --> 00:30:08,929 particles so we're going to accumulate 737 00:30:14,919 --> 00:30:11,299 spectra energy spectra from each one of 738 00:30:16,899 --> 00:30:14,929 these 26 different charged particles so 739 00:30:19,870 --> 00:30:16,909 that we can understand and characterize 740 00:30:21,549 --> 00:30:19,880 their contribution to the radiation dose 741 00:30:23,320 --> 00:30:21,559 on the surface as well as the 742 00:30:27,070 --> 00:30:23,330 contribution from neutrons so this is 743 00:30:30,100 --> 00:30:27,080 really a just a snapshot but we do see 744 00:30:31,659 --> 00:30:30,110 that the you know the exciting elements 745 00:30:34,419 --> 00:30:31,669 of what we're going to be collecting and 746 00:30:36,220 --> 00:30:34,429 accumulating over the next months and 747 00:30:40,029 --> 00:30:36,230 years as we go continue on with our na 748 00:30:41,910 --> 00:30:40,039 mano mission so stay tuned for future 749 00:30:44,160 --> 00:30:41,920 results 750 00:30:45,840 --> 00:30:44,170 thank you all right thank you we're 751 00:30:47,250 --> 00:30:45,850 going to begin with questions here at 752 00:30:48,540 --> 00:30:47,260 the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and then 753 00:30:50,820 --> 00:30:48,550 we will take some questions by phone 754 00:30:53,550 --> 00:30:50,830 lines as well and i'll start with eric 755 00:30:55,260 --> 00:30:53,560 and i saw that hand go up first let's 756 00:31:00,690 --> 00:30:55,270 just wait for a microphone to come over 757 00:31:03,390 --> 00:31:00,700 to you thanks yeah Eric ham with nature 758 00:31:05,310 --> 00:31:03,400 I guess my question is for John I wonder 759 00:31:07,890 --> 00:31:05,320 if we can bring up that image of the the 760 00:31:09,960 --> 00:31:07,900 close up the half meter sort of scale 761 00:31:12,540 --> 00:31:09,970 with the trenching in the trench but 762 00:31:16,320 --> 00:31:12,550 from the retrorockets is that something 763 00:31:18,210 --> 00:31:16,330 we can bring up it'll just take them 764 00:31:19,230 --> 00:31:18,220 okay and I guess my question is I don't 765 00:31:20,940 --> 00:31:19,240 know if I'm seeing things but seemed 766 00:31:25,410 --> 00:31:20,950 like there might be some sort of linea 767 00:31:27,330 --> 00:31:25,420 mint there maybe even that's echoed at 768 00:31:29,580 --> 00:31:27,340 the top of the trench I wonder if you 769 00:31:30,870 --> 00:31:29,590 have any thoughts on what that could be 770 00:31:32,130 --> 00:31:30,880 all I'm thinking of is is when 771 00:31:34,290 --> 00:31:32,140 opportunity recently discovered that 772 00:31:36,330 --> 00:31:34,300 gypsum vein so I'm wondering if if 773 00:31:38,460 --> 00:31:36,340 already you could speculate on what what 774 00:31:44,850 --> 00:31:38,470 could create a linear feature like that 775 00:31:47,250 --> 00:31:44,860 Thanks um I guess sure why not I mean 776 00:31:49,470 --> 00:31:47,260 that's an entirely reasonable suggestion 777 00:31:53,400 --> 00:31:49,480 and you know it's something that the 778 00:31:55,410 --> 00:31:53,410 team was talking about and I I think you 779 00:31:58,050 --> 00:31:55,420 know we should just wait to get the the 780 00:32:01,980 --> 00:31:58,060 mask am data down to go further with 781 00:32:05,040 --> 00:32:01,990 that one but yeah it's a it's a 782 00:32:07,170 --> 00:32:05,050 reasonable idea that there could be 783 00:32:14,720 --> 00:32:07,180 fractures filled with some cementing 784 00:32:18,090 --> 00:32:16,740 take one more question here and then I 785 00:32:21,270 --> 00:32:18,100 will go to a question on the phone line 786 00:32:25,050 --> 00:32:21,280 next hello Olli songy and Joe space come 787 00:32:27,990 --> 00:32:25,060 from France I would like to speak about 788 00:32:29,250 --> 00:32:28,000 the temperature and the radiations you 789 00:32:31,910 --> 00:32:29,260 said that the temperature was a bit 790 00:32:33,900 --> 00:32:31,920 higher than expected are you today 791 00:32:37,140 --> 00:32:33,910 completely comfortable with the 792 00:32:39,450 --> 00:32:37,150 condition on Mars about the rover or as 793 00:32:43,140 --> 00:32:39,460 I my dear problem for example with 794 00:32:44,610 --> 00:32:43,150 winter etc yeah I'll start and then day 795 00:32:47,610 --> 00:32:44,620 and if you want to add anything you can 796 00:32:49,830 --> 00:32:47,620 um as far as the rover itself we don't 797 00:32:52,320 --> 00:32:49,840 have any concerns about the temperature 798 00:32:54,090 --> 00:32:52,330 being a little higher in fact normally 799 00:32:56,280 --> 00:32:54,100 when we land on Mars we update our 800 00:32:58,020 --> 00:32:56,290 thermal models and predictions and the 801 00:33:00,120 --> 00:32:58,030 model of the rover to be consistent with 802 00:33:01,980 --> 00:33:00,130 what we see so that's part of the 803 00:33:05,280 --> 00:33:01,990 process we're taking a lot of telemetry 804 00:33:08,610 --> 00:33:05,290 we actually woke up several times over 805 00:33:10,440 --> 00:33:08,620 night last night to get telemetry points 806 00:33:12,030 --> 00:33:10,450 all through the night and what we'll do 807 00:33:14,220 --> 00:33:12,040 with those is well update our models 808 00:33:16,470 --> 00:33:14,230 they may put different constraints but 809 00:33:18,360 --> 00:33:16,480 not significant constraints that we 810 00:33:21,260 --> 00:33:18,370 didn't expect maybe we would have if 811 00:33:23,850 --> 00:33:21,270 things get too warm we might have a 812 00:33:25,740 --> 00:33:23,860 shorter operating time before we had to 813 00:33:28,020 --> 00:33:25,750 let something like the cameras for 814 00:33:29,910 --> 00:33:28,030 example cool down but we're still we're 815 00:33:31,580 --> 00:33:29,920 still working on that in fact though the 816 00:33:34,590 --> 00:33:31,590 higher temperatures are generally 817 00:33:36,750 --> 00:33:34,600 fantastic for us because the real the 818 00:33:38,100 --> 00:33:36,760 real issue we struggle with is how much 819 00:33:40,200 --> 00:33:38,110 energy we have to use to heat the 820 00:33:43,680 --> 00:33:40,210 actuators to drive and use the arm and 821 00:33:44,880 --> 00:33:43,690 this is good news on that front you know 822 00:33:47,130 --> 00:33:44,890 I think from an instrument point of view 823 00:33:49,170 --> 00:33:47,140 all of these temperatures are within the 824 00:33:51,810 --> 00:33:49,180 operating range of our instruments so I 825 00:33:53,790 --> 00:33:51,820 think it's interesting but all the 826 00:34:00,060 --> 00:33:53,800 models typically have a variation and 827 00:34:02,140 --> 00:34:00,070 and I think we're within that the RTG 828 00:34:04,000 --> 00:34:02,150 background is a fraction of the 829 00:34:09,380 --> 00:34:04,010 measurement the radiation we observe 830 00:34:10,880 --> 00:34:09,390 from space okay let's go next to kim 831 00:34:14,270 --> 00:34:10,890 chang new york times he's on the phone 832 00:34:18,409 --> 00:34:14,280 line go ahead hi this is forgot your 833 00:34:20,240 --> 00:34:18,419 thoughts here the bedrock do you see 834 00:34:26,419 --> 00:34:20,250 would that be part of the result crater 835 00:34:27,560 --> 00:34:26,429 floor or Parvati Osbourne later can I 836 00:34:30,190 --> 00:34:27,570 think if I heard it correctly you're 837 00:34:36,050 --> 00:34:30,200 asking if that's the floor of the crater 838 00:34:38,240 --> 00:34:36,060 or some later bedrock yeah yeah I think 839 00:34:41,630 --> 00:34:38,250 given the elevation and and the 840 00:34:43,100 --> 00:34:41,640 projection of the of the geometry of the 841 00:34:47,930 --> 00:34:43,110 room and the crater it would be pretty 842 00:34:51,290 --> 00:34:47,940 high up to be the floor of the crater so 843 00:34:54,919 --> 00:34:51,300 you know with lots of caveats I guess 844 00:34:59,570 --> 00:34:54,929 our initial first guess is that it could 845 00:35:04,790 --> 00:34:59,580 potentially be a you know a a rock unit 846 00:35:07,240 --> 00:35:04,800 and I want to put rock in quotations you 847 00:35:10,760 --> 00:35:07,250 know that forms sometime well after and 848 00:35:13,130 --> 00:35:10,770 i put in quotations because we don't 849 00:35:14,930 --> 00:35:13,140 know how hard it is yet and and there's 850 00:35:17,420 --> 00:35:14,940 you know people have different feelings 851 00:35:20,630 --> 00:35:17,430 about how hard and material needs to be 852 00:35:23,810 --> 00:35:20,640 before it's a rock and well and we'll 853 00:35:25,610 --> 00:35:23,820 find out so I'll just leave it leave it 854 00:35:34,820 --> 00:35:25,620 at that but it's probably not the floor 855 00:35:37,070 --> 00:35:34,830 of the Creator okay I saw Emily luck to 856 00:35:38,510 --> 00:35:37,080 all his hand if you bring the mic to her 857 00:35:39,800 --> 00:35:38,520 and then we'll do one over here and then 858 00:35:41,210 --> 00:35:39,810 another one from the phones go ahead 859 00:35:43,310 --> 00:35:41,220 Emily hi Emily locked a wall of the 860 00:35:46,130 --> 00:35:43,320 Planetary Society I'm wondering like the 861 00:35:48,290 --> 00:35:46,140 the Rockets excavated pretty deep and 862 00:35:49,970 --> 00:35:48,300 which means that the soil you're sitting 863 00:35:52,820 --> 00:35:49,980 on is pretty disturbed i'm wondering if 864 00:35:54,530 --> 00:35:52,830 you want to sample that disturbed soil 865 00:35:57,140 --> 00:35:54,540 originally are you gonna have to drive a 866 00:36:00,080 --> 00:35:57,150 way to get to some more undisturbed soil 867 00:36:01,910 --> 00:36:00,090 before you start with the arm work well 868 00:36:04,820 --> 00:36:01,920 that that's a that's a great question 869 00:36:06,830 --> 00:36:04,830 and i can i can say that's at the at the 870 00:36:08,690 --> 00:36:06,840 core of the the team discussion right 871 00:36:11,330 --> 00:36:08,700 now because there's obviously an 872 00:36:13,610 --> 00:36:11,340 opportunity there and the question is 873 00:36:14,850 --> 00:36:13,620 you know what if we would use the 874 00:36:16,560 --> 00:36:14,860 instruments there 875 00:36:19,410 --> 00:36:16,570 you know we have this thing called 876 00:36:22,140 --> 00:36:19,420 intermission that we don't have to drive 877 00:36:25,080 --> 00:36:22,150 anywhere if we don't want to you know 878 00:36:27,510 --> 00:36:25,090 driving is an option there and and as 879 00:36:30,060 --> 00:36:27,520 far as the contamination goes you know 880 00:36:31,710 --> 00:36:30,070 as far as the hydrazine and potential 881 00:36:34,560 --> 00:36:31,720 combustion products that are related to 882 00:36:37,110 --> 00:36:34,570 it we've done a lot of studies in 883 00:36:39,600 --> 00:36:37,120 particular ira cats here at JPL has 884 00:36:41,700 --> 00:36:39,610 really followed up on that and i think 885 00:36:43,080 --> 00:36:41,710 most of us have reasonable level of 886 00:36:44,940 --> 00:36:43,090 confidence now we don't have to worry 887 00:36:47,700 --> 00:36:44,950 too much about it that within us all or 888 00:36:51,270 --> 00:36:47,710 to even for the Sam instrument it 889 00:36:52,710 --> 00:36:51,280 doesn't pose too much of a of any kind 890 00:36:55,620 --> 00:36:52,720 of a risk even with regard to 891 00:36:58,260 --> 00:36:55,630 interpretation of science data so it's 892 00:37:00,210 --> 00:36:58,270 it's definitely it's a bird in the hand 893 00:37:01,740 --> 00:37:00,220 right there and I think we have to 894 00:37:05,280 --> 00:37:01,750 evaluate it very carefully and think 895 00:37:06,270 --> 00:37:05,290 about what we might do there okay 896 00:37:07,500 --> 00:37:06,280 actually we're going to take one on the 897 00:37:09,480 --> 00:37:07,510 phone line and then we'll come back to 898 00:37:12,030 --> 00:37:09,490 li it's a tu leo so go ahead on the 899 00:37:14,760 --> 00:37:12,040 phone please I keep coming from a swatch 900 00:37:16,680 --> 00:37:14,770 calm a question with regards to the time 901 00:37:19,140 --> 00:37:16,690 lag with releasing images JPL's been 902 00:37:22,350 --> 00:37:19,150 pretty darn fast and releasing Cassini 903 00:37:24,510 --> 00:37:22,360 images raw and the twitter / images but 904 00:37:26,070 --> 00:37:24,520 i guess the question is with you've got 905 00:37:28,130 --> 00:37:26,080 a yard tag on there i mean you guys are 906 00:37:30,570 --> 00:37:28,140 really pushing the envelope of immediacy 907 00:37:32,310 --> 00:37:30,580 but even though the rover can't see 908 00:37:34,170 --> 00:37:32,320 small stuff they can see larger stuff 909 00:37:36,450 --> 00:37:34,180 and having walked around in places like 910 00:37:38,850 --> 00:37:36,460 Devon I one myself things of a 911 00:37:39,930 --> 00:37:38,860 biological origin jump out at you no I'm 912 00:37:41,460 --> 00:37:39,940 not I'm not going to ask you if you're 913 00:37:42,600 --> 00:37:41,470 going to find stromatolite sore banded 914 00:37:44,910 --> 00:37:42,610 iron formations or anything like that 915 00:37:46,680 --> 00:37:44,920 but if you're going to release these 916 00:37:50,340 --> 00:37:46,690 images and something jumps up that is 917 00:37:52,770 --> 00:37:50,350 clearly anomalous possibly of biological 918 00:37:54,360 --> 00:37:52,780 or something origin we would hold that 919 00:37:56,430 --> 00:37:54,370 image we just put that image out there 920 00:37:57,690 --> 00:37:56,440 and what is the process I mean to 921 00:37:59,670 --> 00:37:57,700 somebody sit there and screen these 922 00:38:02,490 --> 00:37:59,680 things and say oops that looks like it's 923 00:38:03,750 --> 00:38:02,500 not just natural and you have a process 924 00:38:04,890 --> 00:38:03,760 that you can actually you know release 925 00:38:07,740 --> 00:38:04,900 or put on the web it explains exactly 926 00:38:13,380 --> 00:38:07,750 how NASA willkommen JPL will handle that 927 00:38:16,170 --> 00:38:13,390 information you know we're going to have 928 00:38:18,810 --> 00:38:16,180 to you know we'll just see how it goes I 929 00:38:20,280 --> 00:38:18,820 would say that you know our policy right 930 00:38:21,300 --> 00:38:20,290 now is to release all the images and 931 00:38:23,880 --> 00:38:21,310 they come out there and if there's a 932 00:38:25,200 --> 00:38:23,890 stromatolite there then you know if 933 00:38:26,030 --> 00:38:25,210 somebody wants to interpret it that way 934 00:38:28,910 --> 00:38:26,040 there 935 00:38:31,160 --> 00:38:28,920 come to it are our feeling is generally 936 00:38:36,800 --> 00:38:31,170 that we're not really worried too much 937 00:38:39,080 --> 00:38:36,810 about what folks beyond the team might 938 00:38:41,480 --> 00:38:39,090 want to interpret in terms of features 939 00:38:43,250 --> 00:38:41,490 that we might see because our approach 940 00:38:46,490 --> 00:38:43,260 to this is always going to be to take a 941 00:38:48,770 --> 00:38:46,500 very integrated look using all the 942 00:38:50,720 --> 00:38:48,780 instruments think carefully about what 943 00:38:52,970 --> 00:38:50,730 we're doing and then make a statement so 944 00:38:55,460 --> 00:38:52,980 if there was ever anything as profound 945 00:38:57,230 --> 00:38:55,470 as what you're describing we would take 946 00:38:58,610 --> 00:38:57,240 our time with it no matter how much 947 00:39:04,790 --> 00:38:58,620 jumping up and down there might be in 948 00:39:08,720 --> 00:39:04,800 the background okay we're going next to 949 00:39:10,850 --> 00:39:08,730 Leo Leo Enright with Irish television 950 00:39:12,500 --> 00:39:10,860 for dr. Hosler the first cosmic-ray 951 00:39:14,810 --> 00:39:12,510 experiment on the moon was an Irish 952 00:39:16,730 --> 00:39:14,820 experiment by the Dublin Institute for 953 00:39:18,670 --> 00:39:16,740 Advanced Study so there's a lot of Irish 954 00:39:22,190 --> 00:39:18,680 interest in this cosmic ray detector 955 00:39:23,930 --> 00:39:22,200 believe it or not and I agree I was 956 00:39:25,430 --> 00:39:23,940 wondering I mean recent Guinness even 957 00:39:27,590 --> 00:39:25,440 looking at the early date obviously the 958 00:39:29,420 --> 00:39:27,600 data set will be very very large at the 959 00:39:31,910 --> 00:39:29,430 end of it what do you hope from it and 960 00:39:33,290 --> 00:39:31,920 can you say even at this stage what it 961 00:39:34,880 --> 00:39:33,300 would be like for a man or a woman 962 00:39:36,560 --> 00:39:34,890 standing on the surface from what you've 963 00:39:38,480 --> 00:39:36,570 seen so far what sort of radiation 964 00:39:39,980 --> 00:39:38,490 dosage well certainly there's there's a 965 00:39:41,480 --> 00:39:39,990 number of models which would predict 966 00:39:43,430 --> 00:39:41,490 what the level of radiation would be on 967 00:39:45,890 --> 00:39:43,440 the surface of Mars but it's a complex 968 00:39:48,470 --> 00:39:45,900 environment the atmosphere modifies the 969 00:39:50,900 --> 00:39:48,480 radiation spectra and so does the 970 00:39:52,750 --> 00:39:50,910 surface characterizing the neutron 971 00:39:55,370 --> 00:39:52,760 environment on the surface is one of the 972 00:40:00,590 --> 00:39:55,380 most interesting questions or the least 973 00:40:02,030 --> 00:40:00,600 constrained measurements from models so 974 00:40:03,740 --> 00:40:02,040 that those will be some of the most 975 00:40:06,410 --> 00:40:03,750 exciting measurements but the rad 976 00:40:09,230 --> 00:40:06,420 instrument is much more than just a 977 00:40:12,110 --> 00:40:09,240 simple dosimeter the simple plot of dose 978 00:40:14,630 --> 00:40:12,120 as a function of time is really like a 979 00:40:16,970 --> 00:40:14,640 thumbnail from from an image point of 980 00:40:18,440 --> 00:40:16,980 view it's the energy spectra that'll be 981 00:40:20,510 --> 00:40:18,450 interesting and it's the energy spectra 982 00:40:21,800 --> 00:40:20,520 as a function of time and so to compare 983 00:40:23,630 --> 00:40:21,810 those spectra for each of the different 984 00:40:25,730 --> 00:40:23,640 particle types and to be able to compare 985 00:40:27,830 --> 00:40:25,740 those back and fold them those back into 986 00:40:31,700 --> 00:40:27,840 the transport models I think is really 987 00:40:33,170 --> 00:40:31,710 our goal and I think understanding the 988 00:40:35,180 --> 00:40:33,180 transport means that we can improve our 989 00:40:37,070 --> 00:40:35,190 modeling and therefore we feed that back 990 00:40:39,650 --> 00:40:37,080 in and fold that back in so that we can 991 00:40:41,180 --> 00:40:39,660 design the most effective shielding 992 00:40:45,620 --> 00:40:41,190 or astronauts when we send them some 993 00:40:47,539 --> 00:40:45,630 ours in the future okay query can wake 994 00:40:49,099 --> 00:40:47,549 up to the front here and then we will go 995 00:40:53,089 --> 00:40:49,109 back to another one on the phone lines 996 00:40:57,349 --> 00:40:53,099 i'm todd halvorson florida today and USA 997 00:41:00,200 --> 00:40:57,359 Today for John the nab cam panorama is 998 00:41:02,450 --> 00:41:00,210 kind of your first look at the 999 00:41:05,779 --> 00:41:02,460 neighborhood if you will and I was 1000 00:41:09,559 --> 00:41:05,789 wondering what your media thoughts are 1001 00:41:14,510 --> 00:41:09,569 about the scientific potential of the 1002 00:41:16,010 --> 00:41:14,520 site you have landed on oh I you know I 1003 00:41:18,680 --> 00:41:16,020 think it's uh I think it's incredibly 1004 00:41:21,260 --> 00:41:18,690 high I mean everything that we see their 1005 00:41:25,339 --> 00:41:21,270 suggests a remarkable range of diversity 1006 00:41:28,760 --> 00:41:25,349 and I chose to single out the issue of 1007 00:41:30,680 --> 00:41:28,770 the depth of the soil because you know 1008 00:41:32,720 --> 00:41:30,690 this is a question that that Mars 1009 00:41:35,029 --> 00:41:32,730 scientists have wondered about for a 1010 00:41:37,160 --> 00:41:35,039 long time and we have an instrument now 1011 00:41:38,510 --> 00:41:37,170 the Dan instrument which can you know 1012 00:41:40,549 --> 00:41:38,520 reach down to a depth of fifty 1013 00:41:42,950 --> 00:41:40,559 centimeters and look for hydrogen 1014 00:41:44,690 --> 00:41:42,960 bearing substances and and what that 1015 00:41:47,510 --> 00:41:44,700 images shows us right away is that it's 1016 00:41:49,519 --> 00:41:47,520 not going to be ice so we're good for 1017 00:41:52,339 --> 00:41:49,529 planetary protection on that one as as 1018 00:41:54,559 --> 00:41:52,349 promised and instead it looks like 1019 00:41:56,660 --> 00:41:54,569 bedrock and when that instrument was 1020 00:41:58,640 --> 00:41:56,670 first built I believe that the hope was 1021 00:42:01,490 --> 00:41:58,650 that it might it might search for ice 1022 00:42:03,079 --> 00:42:01,500 one day and in the meantime all these 1023 00:42:06,980 --> 00:42:03,089 hydrated minerals were discovered on 1024 00:42:08,690 --> 00:42:06,990 Mars so in terms of applying it as a way 1025 00:42:10,190 --> 00:42:08,700 of viewing mineralogy and the subsurface 1026 00:42:12,529 --> 00:42:10,200 that we're driving across I think it's 1027 00:42:14,380 --> 00:42:12,539 really exciting and so the great thing 1028 00:42:16,609 --> 00:42:14,390 about it is that we get an immediate 1029 00:42:19,640 --> 00:42:16,619 calibration point of the depth of the 1030 00:42:22,010 --> 00:42:19,650 soil so as we drive away with the 1031 00:42:24,650 --> 00:42:22,020 interpretation of the data will always 1032 00:42:28,700 --> 00:42:24,660 involve interpreting a multi-layer 1033 00:42:30,710 --> 00:42:28,710 system and and so we already have a hard 1034 00:42:33,740 --> 00:42:30,720 data point on the depth to the hard rock 1035 00:42:36,109 --> 00:42:33,750 and if we choose to use our signs other 1036 00:42:37,970 --> 00:42:36,119 science instruments there to see what's 1037 00:42:40,220 --> 00:42:37,980 what's in there we get compositional 1038 00:42:44,359 --> 00:42:40,230 information as well so that's just one 1039 00:42:46,400 --> 00:42:44,369 example of how this really diverse 1040 00:42:47,630 --> 00:42:46,410 payload can be used to figure out 1041 00:42:49,609 --> 00:42:47,640 problems that have not been addressed 1042 00:42:52,040 --> 00:42:49,619 before and there's the ton of others out 1043 00:42:54,510 --> 00:42:52,050 there as well we can see 1044 00:42:56,160 --> 00:42:54,520 okay we're going to take the phone line 1045 00:42:59,010 --> 00:42:56,170 next it's irene klotz from Reuters 1046 00:43:01,820 --> 00:42:59,020 please go ahead thanks very much vodka 1047 00:43:05,520 --> 00:43:01,830 and it's my questions for John 1048 00:43:08,099 --> 00:43:05,530 grotzinger on the stress by your 1049 00:43:10,800 --> 00:43:08,109 description of this view of early view 1050 00:43:12,870 --> 00:43:10,810 of Gale Crater as bearing some 1051 00:43:15,180 --> 00:43:12,880 resemblance to of you from the Hobby 1052 00:43:19,380 --> 00:43:15,190 desert and was wondering if you might 1053 00:43:21,960 --> 00:43:19,390 give us a little geology class here and 1054 00:43:27,390 --> 00:43:21,970 talk about what kind of conditions on 1055 00:43:30,420 --> 00:43:27,400 earth produce this sort of landscape um 1056 00:43:33,390 --> 00:43:30,430 that would that would take a long time I 1057 00:43:35,130 --> 00:43:33,400 think you know the short the short 1058 00:43:38,849 --> 00:43:35,140 version of it is let me let me try to 1059 00:43:43,410 --> 00:43:38,859 paint the picture this way when you know 1060 00:43:45,900 --> 00:43:43,420 I my first experience with Mars was was 1061 00:43:48,839 --> 00:43:45,910 when spirit opportunity landed and I 1062 00:43:50,760 --> 00:43:48,849 think when spirit landed a lot of the 1063 00:43:52,530 --> 00:43:50,770 folks that have worked on previous Mars 1064 00:43:53,820 --> 00:43:52,540 missions had had a feeling that you know 1065 00:43:56,010 --> 00:43:53,830 this was a lot like Viking and 1066 00:43:57,810 --> 00:43:56,020 Pathfinder and but when opportunity 1067 00:44:01,950 --> 00:43:57,820 landed it looked completely different 1068 00:44:03,570 --> 00:44:01,960 and and those of us novices wondered at 1069 00:44:06,150 --> 00:44:03,580 the time you know gosh is you know as 1070 00:44:07,290 --> 00:44:06,160 nASA making up this data because there's 1071 00:44:09,810 --> 00:44:07,300 nothing that looks particularly 1072 00:44:12,359 --> 00:44:09,820 extraordinary about this until we saw 1073 00:44:14,190 --> 00:44:12,369 all of these blueberries and and then 1074 00:44:15,390 --> 00:44:14,200 you looked at it you saw the context for 1075 00:44:19,349 --> 00:44:15,400 that you thought nobody could make that 1076 00:44:21,630 --> 00:44:19,359 up it's just it's just so weird and now 1077 00:44:25,320 --> 00:44:21,640 this time with curiosity we land in 1078 00:44:27,329 --> 00:44:25,330 something that actually looks very mars 1079 00:44:28,620 --> 00:44:27,339 like but it also looks earth-like with 1080 00:44:31,140 --> 00:44:28,630 those those mountains in the background 1081 00:44:33,720 --> 00:44:31,150 there these deeply dissected pyramidal 1082 00:44:35,099 --> 00:44:33,730 mountain ranges and it just looks a lot 1083 00:44:37,589 --> 00:44:35,109 like what you see out in the Mojave 1084 00:44:39,599 --> 00:44:37,599 Desert it's really cool and so it kind 1085 00:44:42,570 --> 00:44:39,609 of makes you feel at home and without 1086 00:44:46,050 --> 00:44:42,580 the geology lesson I I think that the 1087 00:44:47,370 --> 00:44:46,060 the great experience there is as we're 1088 00:44:49,170 --> 00:44:47,380 looking at a place that feels really 1089 00:44:50,849 --> 00:44:49,180 comfortable and what's going to be 1090 00:44:54,760 --> 00:44:50,859 interesting is going to be to find out 1091 00:44:58,630 --> 00:44:56,440 okay we've got one here at the front of 1092 00:45:01,000 --> 00:44:58,640 the room and then i will go again to the 1093 00:45:03,790 --> 00:45:01,010 phone lines coming to you right there 1094 00:45:06,940 --> 00:45:03,800 there you go kelly BTW sky and telescope 1095 00:45:09,430 --> 00:45:06,950 thanks to high rise and Marty I think we 1096 00:45:12,070 --> 00:45:09,440 now know the landing site location to 1097 00:45:15,310 --> 00:45:12,080 eight or 10 decimal places can we please 1098 00:45:17,260 --> 00:45:15,320 get Jennifer the time of the landing to 1099 00:45:20,770 --> 00:45:17,270 two decimal places at some point and 1100 00:45:23,770 --> 00:45:20,780 maybe other entry events as possible yes 1101 00:45:27,490 --> 00:45:23,780 in fact I think I have the time on my 1102 00:45:29,800 --> 00:45:27,500 phone here and I can look it up but and 1103 00:45:31,060 --> 00:45:29,810 then we can tag up after and you can 1104 00:45:33,130 --> 00:45:31,070 tell me what other times you want but 1105 00:45:34,690 --> 00:45:33,140 you can go to another question next 1106 00:45:35,980 --> 00:45:34,700 question and when you have it will come 1107 00:45:37,180 --> 00:45:35,990 back and answer that one so next 1108 00:45:40,780 --> 00:45:37,190 actually we're going to mike wall 1109 00:45:43,030 --> 00:45:40,790 space.com on the line go ahead oh yeah 1110 00:45:45,070 --> 00:45:43,040 this is for John and yeah I mean I've 1111 00:45:47,530 --> 00:45:45,080 asked you this before it's so yeah now 1112 00:45:49,090 --> 00:45:47,540 that we know kind of where the the 1113 00:45:50,410 --> 00:45:49,100 ballast came down where those craters 1114 00:45:53,050 --> 00:45:50,420 are is it really safe to say that 1115 00:45:55,960 --> 00:45:53,060 they're far too far away for curiosity 1116 00:45:58,210 --> 00:45:55,970 to to like to go and check out those new 1117 00:46:02,950 --> 00:45:58,220 fresh impact craters is that just not 1118 00:46:07,570 --> 00:46:02,960 possible it's like typically yeah I I 1119 00:46:09,160 --> 00:46:07,580 think you know the I think a lot of us 1120 00:46:10,840 --> 00:46:09,170 hoped that those things would come down 1121 00:46:13,090 --> 00:46:10,850 really close to where we landed because 1122 00:46:15,130 --> 00:46:13,100 they as tungsten there it's fairly inert 1123 00:46:16,720 --> 00:46:15,140 and it makes a fresh impact crater that 1124 00:46:18,610 --> 00:46:16,730 you could look in so there'd be a lot is 1125 00:46:22,120 --> 00:46:18,620 our to do that these things are really 1126 00:46:24,280 --> 00:46:22,130 far away there there's sort of as the 1127 00:46:27,850 --> 00:46:24,290 crow flies they're not that far away but 1128 00:46:29,920 --> 00:46:27,860 our obstacle is this dune field that we 1129 00:46:32,740 --> 00:46:29,930 have no desire to drive across unless we 1130 00:46:35,080 --> 00:46:32,750 have to and and other than that they 1131 00:46:39,730 --> 00:46:35,090 they look like they've landed in a part 1132 00:46:43,000 --> 00:46:39,740 of of the mountain there that has mass 1133 00:46:46,300 --> 00:46:43,010 flows that will that will be interesting 1134 00:46:48,640 --> 00:46:46,310 in their own right but they obscure the 1135 00:46:50,260 --> 00:46:48,650 stratigraphy that we're after in terms 1136 00:46:52,510 --> 00:46:50,270 of the target that we want to go to so 1137 00:46:55,270 --> 00:46:52,520 we would have to do an enormous you turn 1138 00:46:56,800 --> 00:46:55,280 around the dune field and I just don't 1139 00:47:00,400 --> 00:46:56,810 think it's going to be practical to do 1140 00:47:03,240 --> 00:47:00,410 that okay let me get someone who has not 1141 00:47:05,290 --> 00:47:03,250 yet asked a question go ahead over here 1142 00:47:06,560 --> 00:47:05,300 thank you very much i'm fernando 1143 00:47:08,750 --> 00:47:06,570 guerrero 1144 00:47:11,270 --> 00:47:08,760 there's a million in Mexico in my 1145 00:47:13,970 --> 00:47:11,280 country I'm astronomer and studied space 1146 00:47:15,770 --> 00:47:13,980 weather and presenting TV to costcos 1147 00:47:19,010 --> 00:47:15,780 congratulation for the space weather 1148 00:47:22,160 --> 00:47:19,020 from Mars the question is in the Phoenix 1149 00:47:24,560 --> 00:47:22,170 mission NASA develops a software to 1150 00:47:27,470 --> 00:47:24,570 watch display the meteorological 1151 00:47:30,950 --> 00:47:27,480 conditions in my computer will be 1152 00:47:33,050 --> 00:47:30,960 something like that with curiosity well 1153 00:47:36,050 --> 00:47:33,060 the Rams experiment will provide weather 1154 00:47:39,590 --> 00:47:36,060 as in winds and temperatures and 1155 00:47:41,180 --> 00:47:39,600 pressures as well as UV radiation we 1156 00:47:43,250 --> 00:47:41,190 will also be measuring the space weather 1157 00:47:46,820 --> 00:47:43,260 from the surface in terms of energetic 1158 00:47:49,430 --> 00:47:46,830 particle space weather and those will be 1159 00:47:52,520 --> 00:47:49,440 available I believe both rims and rad we 1160 00:47:54,920 --> 00:47:52,530 do have plans to abroad get week we only 1161 00:47:56,810 --> 00:47:54,930 get the data down once a day so we won't 1162 00:47:59,990 --> 00:47:56,820 be real time but you know there is par 1163 00:48:01,640 --> 00:48:00,000 plans to to provide these you know in as 1164 00:48:05,000 --> 00:48:01,650 close to real time as we can at least 1165 00:48:06,860 --> 00:48:05,010 certain summary data products thank you 1166 00:48:10,490 --> 00:48:06,870 very much congratulations again thank 1167 00:48:13,310 --> 00:48:10,500 you okay uh I'm gonna start with some 1168 00:48:15,440 --> 00:48:13,320 who have not yet asked back here and 1169 00:48:16,790 --> 00:48:15,450 then we'll make our way back hi Mark 1170 00:48:19,640 --> 00:48:16,800 Hall under the Washington Post in 1171 00:48:22,220 --> 00:48:19,650 National Geographic for Mike Malin you 1172 00:48:24,950 --> 00:48:22,230 had made some references to color that 1173 00:48:26,450 --> 00:48:24,960 may or may not be there in in the image 1174 00:48:30,310 --> 00:48:26,460 could you walk us through that a little 1175 00:48:34,840 --> 00:48:30,320 bit more in terms of what color might be 1176 00:48:38,030 --> 00:48:34,850 actually observable and and able to be 1177 00:48:39,920 --> 00:48:38,040 photographed and or the extent to which 1178 00:48:42,380 --> 00:48:39,930 Mars is the color that we're seeing 1179 00:48:44,870 --> 00:48:42,390 right there okay this this image has 1180 00:48:47,030 --> 00:48:44,880 been processed just to make make it 1181 00:48:49,280 --> 00:48:47,040 bright enough where you can see you can 1182 00:48:51,920 --> 00:48:49,290 see but that bright streak was like 1183 00:48:54,140 --> 00:48:51,930 eight times brighter than the shadow 1184 00:48:56,630 --> 00:48:54,150 around it and what you were getting was 1185 00:48:59,660 --> 00:48:56,640 leakage of that light smearing of that 1186 00:49:01,700 --> 00:48:59,670 light into that that dark area it's very 1187 00:49:04,760 --> 00:49:01,710 difficult to do what's known as 1188 00:49:08,480 --> 00:49:04,770 photometry in a shadowed area like that 1189 00:49:10,310 --> 00:49:08,490 so I think any color information that I 1190 00:49:14,150 --> 00:49:10,320 was seeing in there would be suspect 1191 00:49:15,950 --> 00:49:14,160 this image is was sufficiently processed 1192 00:49:18,110 --> 00:49:15,960 that I would not contend this is what 1193 00:49:19,610 --> 00:49:18,120 Mars looks like i was most i personally 1194 00:49:21,770 --> 00:49:19,620 more interest in the in the 1195 00:49:25,100 --> 00:49:21,780 than the the background fine materials 1196 00:49:26,600 --> 00:49:25,110 so I was interested in just showing you 1197 00:49:29,510 --> 00:49:26,610 the morphology of what the surface 1198 00:49:33,190 --> 00:49:29,520 looked like this camera does have the 1199 00:49:36,110 --> 00:49:33,200 bear color filter on it that's the same 1200 00:49:38,360 --> 00:49:36,120 way it makes color the same way your 1201 00:49:41,120 --> 00:49:38,370 cell phone camera make color or your 1202 00:49:43,210 --> 00:49:41,130 camcorder makes color you have a black 1203 00:49:47,320 --> 00:49:43,220 and white detector on which you put a 1204 00:49:50,960 --> 00:49:47,330 filter that that has red green and blue 1205 00:49:54,200 --> 00:49:50,970 patches on it that exactly match up with 1206 00:49:56,660 --> 00:49:54,210 the pixels of your camera and then you 1207 00:49:59,180 --> 00:49:56,670 use some interpolation techniques to to 1208 00:50:02,870 --> 00:49:59,190 average all those pixels together to 1209 00:50:04,820 --> 00:50:02,880 make a red green and blue picture that's 1210 00:50:07,790 --> 00:50:04,830 been done to this it was done to this 1211 00:50:10,160 --> 00:50:07,800 image on the spacecraft so our camera 1212 00:50:12,560 --> 00:50:10,170 actually did that interpolation and then 1213 00:50:15,080 --> 00:50:12,570 did the JPEG compression JPEG 1214 00:50:16,970 --> 00:50:15,090 compression almost always works in not 1215 00:50:19,400 --> 00:50:16,980 in red green blue space but in a 1216 00:50:24,550 --> 00:50:19,410 completely different mathematical color 1217 00:50:28,610 --> 00:50:24,560 space which is a YC RCB which is an old 1218 00:50:31,010 --> 00:50:28,620 ntsc television colors code that's when 1219 00:50:32,810 --> 00:50:31,020 jpg was developed and use that so it's 1220 00:50:35,420 --> 00:50:32,820 very difficult for me to give you a 1221 00:50:38,810 --> 00:50:35,430 specific answer and say that color is 1222 00:50:40,700 --> 00:50:38,820 right that color is wrong however on the 1223 00:50:42,110 --> 00:50:40,710 other cameras where we have calibration 1224 00:50:43,880 --> 00:50:42,120 targets will take images of the 1225 00:50:46,280 --> 00:50:43,890 calibration targets then we'll take 1226 00:50:48,200 --> 00:50:46,290 images of Mars and from that we can say 1227 00:50:50,240 --> 00:50:48,210 well the calibration target we know what 1228 00:50:52,250 --> 00:50:50,250 those colors were and we know under the 1229 00:50:54,410 --> 00:50:52,260 same illumination here we're seeing the 1230 00:50:57,380 --> 00:50:54,420 surface of Mars this is the information 1231 00:51:00,410 --> 00:50:57,390 we're getting so the the mastcam in 1232 00:51:03,050 --> 00:51:00,420 particular has multiple science filters 1233 00:51:05,570 --> 00:51:03,060 as well as the bear pattern filter and 1234 00:51:09,370 --> 00:51:05,580 that will be how we derive our color 1235 00:51:12,080 --> 00:51:09,380 information this is not real good cause 1236 00:51:14,150 --> 00:51:12,090 okay let's go first to Jennifer you have 1237 00:51:16,370 --> 00:51:14,160 the answer for the question about the 1238 00:51:17,990 --> 00:51:16,380 touchdown time yes we actually have 1239 00:51:20,330 --> 00:51:18,000 directly from the flight software a 1240 00:51:27,110 --> 00:51:20,340 message that is sent to us from the 1241 00:51:29,450 --> 00:51:27,120 vehicle 2012 day of year 219 to5 1757 1242 00:51:31,610 --> 00:51:29,460 which is the UTC time which is about 10 1243 00:51:34,490 --> 00:51:31,620 17 p.m. 1244 00:51:37,070 --> 00:51:34,500 pacific time PDT and you'll remember we 1245 00:51:39,140 --> 00:51:37,080 didn't get the signal until 10 32 or so 1246 00:51:41,480 --> 00:51:39,150 because of the one-way light time to 1247 00:51:44,180 --> 00:51:41,490 Mars right now Justin and I were also 1248 00:51:46,640 --> 00:51:44,190 talking we can get you the the actual 1249 00:51:48,230 --> 00:51:46,650 time of that first has cam image which 1250 00:51:53,360 --> 00:51:48,240 was taken between one and two minutes 1251 00:52:02,570 --> 00:51:53,370 after that and yes um just the time 1252 00:52:03,860 --> 00:52:02,580 again day of year to 1905 1757 UTC okay 1253 00:52:08,120 --> 00:52:03,870 another question here in the room at the 1254 00:52:10,580 --> 00:52:08,130 back right there Thanks hi he demos 1255 00:52:14,180 --> 00:52:10,590 photo from NHK DB Japan this is a 1256 00:52:16,790 --> 00:52:14,190 question from photon Hassler what is the 1257 00:52:19,400 --> 00:52:16,800 average level of radiation during the 1258 00:52:22,250 --> 00:52:19,410 eight and half month crews from hasta 1259 00:52:24,890 --> 00:52:22,260 Mars and the what the what are the 1260 00:52:28,600 --> 00:52:24,900 implication of those data set for the 1261 00:52:30,440 --> 00:52:28,610 future prospective manned flight to Mars 1262 00:52:32,120 --> 00:52:30,450 well we're still folding in the 1263 00:52:33,830 --> 00:52:32,130 contributions from both the neutral 1264 00:52:35,090 --> 00:52:33,840 particle measurements and the charged 1265 00:52:38,510 --> 00:52:35,100 particles and separating out the 1266 00:52:40,100 --> 00:52:38,520 background from the RTG but from the 1267 00:52:45,610 --> 00:52:40,110 seven from the just a little over seven 1268 00:52:49,190 --> 00:52:45,620 months of of cruise data we get a 1269 00:52:52,730 --> 00:52:49,200 fraction a few tenths of a sievert of 1270 00:52:55,940 --> 00:52:52,740 dose equivalent which is you know it's a 1271 00:52:57,650 --> 00:52:55,950 if you if you assume an astronaut career 1272 00:53:00,290 --> 00:52:57,660 doses on the order of a sievert that's 1273 00:53:02,390 --> 00:53:00,300 you know that's a few tenths of of that 1274 00:53:08,150 --> 00:53:02,400 so it's a it's a significant 1275 00:53:10,340 --> 00:53:08,160 contribution okay I think we have time 1276 00:53:14,270 --> 00:53:10,350 for one more question I will take alicia 1277 00:53:16,100 --> 00:53:14,280 chang question for John um I was 1278 00:53:18,620 --> 00:53:16,110 wondering if the robotic arm can reach 1279 00:53:20,210 --> 00:53:18,630 out to touch ask our marks and you know 1280 00:53:21,980 --> 00:53:20,220 now that you've gotten a good look at 1281 00:53:23,840 --> 00:53:21,990 the surroundings whether there are any 1282 00:53:26,450 --> 00:53:23,850 thoughts to stay in place initially or 1283 00:53:30,050 --> 00:53:26,460 take a short drive after the health 1284 00:53:32,450 --> 00:53:30,060 check-up it was the first part how far 1285 00:53:38,599 --> 00:53:32,460 is the arm reach out 1286 00:53:41,210 --> 00:53:38,609 uh don't know don't know yeah yeah it's 1287 00:53:43,849 --> 00:53:41,220 a Justin's estimation is it's probably 1288 00:53:47,120 --> 00:53:43,859 twice as far as we need so that we'd 1289 00:53:55,490 --> 00:53:47,130 have to move and then the second part 1290 00:53:57,380 --> 00:53:55,500 was could we move if we wanted to for 1291 00:53:59,030 --> 00:53:57,390 the initial science plan whether the 1292 00:54:01,700 --> 00:53:59,040 plan is to stay in place offers to 1293 00:54:04,220 --> 00:54:01,710 sample the region around or to take a 1294 00:54:07,130 --> 00:54:04,230 short drive it's it's wide open right 1295 00:54:11,030 --> 00:54:07,140 now the the commissioning activity 1296 00:54:13,579 --> 00:54:11,040 period that Jennifer is leading allows 1297 00:54:17,810 --> 00:54:13,589 us the capability and what we call 1298 00:54:20,240 --> 00:54:17,820 intermission to to drive if we want to 1299 00:54:23,329 --> 00:54:20,250 and so certainly it would be an option 1300 00:54:25,430 --> 00:54:23,339 to bump two meters forward so that we 1301 00:54:26,900 --> 00:54:25,440 could drop the arm down there if that if 1302 00:54:30,980 --> 00:54:26,910 that's what the science team wanted to 1303 00:54:32,930 --> 00:54:30,990 do or any other option if we decide we 1304 00:54:34,190 --> 00:54:32,940 want to drive you know if we decide we 1305 00:54:36,440 --> 00:54:34,200 do want to drive out of the area of 1306 00:54:38,900 --> 00:54:36,450 contamination where contamination means 1307 00:54:41,329 --> 00:54:38,910 when disturbance and see pristine 1308 00:54:43,280 --> 00:54:41,339 materials or if we want to go further 1309 00:54:46,160 --> 00:54:43,290 beyond that maybe go several tens of 1310 00:54:48,650 --> 00:54:46,170 meters you know all this is open right 1311 00:54:50,599 --> 00:54:48,660 now so we just you know the great thing 1312 00:54:52,190 --> 00:54:50,609 about it is is that with the spacecraft 1313 00:54:54,440 --> 00:54:52,200 being as healthy as it is and the 1314 00:55:00,589 --> 00:54:54,450 capability that it has all our options 1315 00:55:02,660 --> 00:55:00,599 are open for science alright we invite 1316 00:55:05,000 --> 00:55:02,670 you to join us again tomorrow at ten 1317 00:55:06,349 --> 00:55:05,010 a.m. pacific time again for another Mars 1318 00:55:08,780 --> 00:55:06,359 report from the Jet Propulsion 1319 00:56:23,640 --> 00:55:08,790 Laboratory in Pasadena California thank